非洲的新圈地运动及对中国“一带一路”倡议的启示

African New Enclosure Movement and Its Inspirations to “the Belt and Road” Initiative of China

在全球化的背景下,土地作为稀缺资源,在国际资本市场受到越来越多的关注。在能源、粮食和金融危机的冲击下,为了寻找安全的投资目的地,以及维护粮食安全和能源安全等动机,国际社会掀起了购买和租赁土地的现象。非洲成为新一轮土地投资的热土,外来的农业投资和金融资本的流入一方面为非洲国家缓解了资金短缺的困境,但同时也加剧了非洲国家粮食危机的风险和生态环境退化的压力。基于此,在"一带一路"和农业"走出去"倡议指导下的中国企业,应该转变合作思路,以农业科技推广和示范为桥梁,着眼于种子、农资、粮食物流和加工等种植业上下游环节的投资合作,避开敏感的、风险性高的土地交易,从而实现中非双方的互利共赢。

Under the context of globalization, as a scarce resource, land is paid more and more attention in the international capital market. Under the impact of energy, food and financial crises, the international community sets off purchasing and leasing land in order to find safe investment destinations and maintain food security and energy security. Africa has become a hot spot for new land investment, and the inflow of foreign investment and financial capital has alleviated the shortage of funds for African countries, but exacerbated the risk of food crisis and the degradation of ecological environment in African countries.Based on this, under the guidance of initiative of ＂the Belt and Road＂ and agricultural ＂going out＂, Chinese enterprises should change cooperation concept, regard agricultural technology promotion and demonstration as the bridge, focus on the investment cooperation in the upstream and downstream sectors of the planting, such as seed, agricultural materials, grain logistics and processing, avoid sensitive and high risk of land transactions so as to achieve mutual benefit and win-win situation between China and Africa.