Miro蛋白在神经元线粒体转运中的作用及临床意义

Role and clinical significance of Miro GTPases in mitochondrial transport in neurons

神经元具有高度的极性和独特的生理功能，是神经系统结构和功能的基本单位。线粒体动力学，包括线粒体的分裂和融合、转运和分布、合成和降解等，对神经元功能的发挥至关重要。线粒体在神经元中的转运有助于满足局部能量需求。在神经元中，线粒体主要通过转运复合物与微管偶联进行长距离转运。而Mir0蛋白是转运复合物的核心组分。本文围绕Miro蛋白在神经元线粒体转运中的主要作用及其与中枢神经系统疾病的关联综述如下。

Neurons, the basic unit of nervous system, are highly polarized cells with unique physiological functions. Mitochondrial dynamics are critical to neurons, involving fission and fusion, transport and distribution, synthesis and degradation. Mitochondrial transport helps maintain local energy supply. Mitochondrial long-distance movements are facilitated by their coupling to microtubule-based transport via the transport complex. The core component of this complex is mitochondrial Rho GTPases Miro. In this review, we focus on the Miro＇s role in mediating mitochondrial transport in neurons and its relation to neurological diseases.