钢铁企业控煤减排的策略与举措

The way to reduce coal consumption in iron and steel enterprises

简要分析钢铁企业面临的节能减排形势,结合国家控制煤炭消费总量的政策走向与钢铁行业的技术发展趋势,从结构控煤、技术控煤、管理控煤、助力城市生态文明建设等多方面对钢铁企业实施控煤减排的战略与举措进行展望。指出钢铁企业应:合规合法组织生产,不超越环评、能评报告的批复产量进行违规生产;在经济合理、成本可控的前提下,可适当提高外购焦炭与外购烧结矿的使用比例,采购部分钢坯来组织生产;发展电炉冶炼工艺,降低转炉铁水比,以加大废钢使用比例、降低铁钢比;推广新能源应用,以气代煤、以电代煤,优化炼焦配煤;提高高炉喷煤比,开发应用高炉喷吹铁矿粉技术和以副产煤气替代氮气进行高炉喷吹技术,加大焦粉回用,降低烧结返矿率,推广应用可减少煤炭消耗的节能技术;控制商品煤质量,减少煤焦储运过程损失;推进城市生活污泥等含能废弃物的资源化利用以部分替代煤炭消耗;强化企业发展规划编制过程与执行中的能源环保总量管控工作。

Briefly analyzed the situation of energy conservation and emission reduction that iron and steel enterprises faced. The strategies and measures of controlling coal and reducing emissions in iron and steel enterprises were discussed from the aspects of coal structure control,coal technology control,coal management control and assisting urban ecological civilization construction,considering the national policy trend for the total coal consumption control and the technology development trend in iron and steel industry. Indicate that iron and steel enterprises should produce legally within the yields which the EIA report has granted. Increase the proportion of outsourced coke and sinter only when it is economical,as well as purchase billet to produce. Develop electric furnace and reduce the hot metal ratio in the converter,in order to increase the use of steel scrap and reduce the iron ~ steel ratio. Promote the use of new energy resources and use gas or electricity to substitute coal. Optimize coal blending for coking. Raise the coal injection ration of blast furnace. Develop the technique of iron ore powder injection in blast furnace and the technique of blast furnace injection with by product gas instead of nitrogen. Increase fine coke reuse and decrease return fines. Apply the energy efficiency techniques to reduce coal consumption. Coal quality should be controlled. Reduce the coal loss in storing and transport. Promote the reuse of energy contained waste including municipal sewage sludge in order to decrease coal consumption; Strengthen total energy control and environmental protection management in the process of compiling enterprise＇s development plan and its implementation.