肥料配施对白菜型冬油菜产量及水分利用效率的影响

Effect of Combined Application of Fertilizers on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Brassica campestris

以白菜型冬油菜品种天油8号为指示品种,研究了有机肥与氮磷钾化肥不同配比对冬油菜产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,施肥能明显提高冬油菜的产量和水分利用效率,有机肥与氮磷钾肥配施效果更显著。以施精鸡粪(干重)7 500 kg/hm^2、尿素150 kg/hm^2、普通过磷酸钙75 kg/hm^2、硫酸钾75 kg/hm^2处理的冬油菜越冬率为98.56%,较对照不施肥提高9.37%;折合产量为2 575.04 kg/hm^2,较不施肥对照提高550.00%;水分利用效率为5.80 kg/(hm^2·mm),较对照提高了504.17%。所有施有机肥的处理折合产量和水分利用效率均优于不施有机肥处理,说明有机肥和氮磷钾化肥配施是提高冬油菜产量和水分利用效率的最佳选择。

With Brassica campestris cultivar Tianyou 8 as indicators,the combination ratios of organic fertilizer and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on Yield and water use efficiency of Brassica campestris were studied. The results show that fertilization can obviously improve the yield and water use efficiency of Brassica campestris,and the effect of combined application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen,phosphate and potassium fertilizer is more significant. Under the treatment of chicken manure7 500 kg/hm2（dry weight）,urea 150 kg/hm2,ordinary superphosphate 75 kg/hm2,potassium sulphate 75 kg/hm2,the winter survival rate of Brassica campestris is 98.56%,9.37% higher than the control;the yield is 2 575.04 kg/hm2,550.00% higher than that of the control;and the water use efficiency is 5.80 kg/（hm-2·mm）,504.17% higher than the control. The yield and water use efficiency of all treatments with organic fertilizer are better than non-organic fertilizer,indicating that combined application of organic manure and NPK fertilizer is the best choice to improve the yield and water use efficiency of Brassica campestris.