伊洛河流域样区不同坡度下水土和土地利用多样性特征

Diversity Characteristics of Surface Water, Soil and Land Use under Different Slope Gradients in Sample Areas of Yiluo River Basin

为探索坡度与不同地学要素间相关关系,选取河南省伊洛河流域8个典型县域作为研究样区,在2 km×2 km网格尺度下,以不同的仙农熵变形公式计算坡度、地表水体、土壤、城镇建设用地及交通运输用地等地学要素的空间分布多样性,并利用互熵关联分析及偏相关分析探索坡度与各地学要素间的相关关系。结果表明:(1)地表水体与坡度间相关性强,除主要分布在低等级坡度外,地表水体在15°~25°中高等级坡度的山谷地区也较多分布。(2)不同等级坡度与各土类间75%以上的相关系数大于0.500,每种土类都趋向集中分布在某些坡度等级上,两者相关关系紧密,不同等级土壤类型的划分及分布也与坡度分级有关。(3)城镇化土地利用类型与0°~8°适宜坡度间相关性强,适宜坡度对城镇建设用地的影响高于对交通运输用地的影响。综上,坡度与水土、城镇化土地利用等要素间关系密切,是影响地学要素多样性格局的重要因素。

In order to explore the relationship between slope gradient and other geological factors, 8 typical counties in Yiluo River Basin were selected as study areas. Different modified Shannon entropy formulas on a 2 km × 2 km grid scale were used to calculate the spatial distribution diversity of land features such as slope gradient, surface water, soil,urban land and transportation land. The relationship between slope gradient and other geological factors was also explored by using mutual entropy correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis. Results showed that there was a high correlation between slope gradient and other geological factors. Surface water was mainly distributed in low slope,then in mid and high slope gradient with 15°-25°. More than 75% of the coefficient between slope gradient and soil group was higher than 0.500. Each soil group tended to be concentrated in certain slope gradients. And the classification and distribution of different soil types were also related to slope grading. There was a strong relationship between the main land use types of urbanization and suitable slope gradient of 0°-8°. The effect of suitable slope on urban land was higher than that on transportation land. In summary, slope gradient and other factors such as soil,surface water, and urbanized land use were closely related. The slope gradient was an important geological factor that affected the diversity patterns of geological factors.