论中国古代法律理想社会图景的形成

On the Formation of the Ideal Social Picture of Ancient Chinese Law

中国古代法律理想社会图景是法律近、现代转型的起点和基础。儒家思想和法家思想分别基于夏商周的社会实践形成的影响最大的社会理想。法家思想在战国时期逐步为各诸侯强国采用,秦代达到巅峰,推动了君主专制政体的产生。君主专制政体在汉代吸收了儒家思想控制意识形态,至此以先秦儒法思想为渊源为秦汉所改造利用而形成的儒法社会理想图景,成为中国古代法律理想图景。在经历了尧舜禹至汉代的漫长历史时期,在开放的历史环境和理论与实践的反复互动过程中,在中国本土上形成了自生的法律理想社会图景。

The ideal social picture of ancient Chinese law is the starting point and foundation of the legal modern transformation. The thoughts of the Confucian and legalists were based on the social practice of Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties,which had the greatest social ideal. Legalism in the Warring States period was gradually used by every country. In Qin dynasty, it reached the peak,and promoted the emergence of autocratic monarchy. The autocratic monarchy absorbed the Confucian ideology in Han dynasty,and then it became the ideal picture of ancient Chinese law,which was formed by the transformation and utilization of the pre-Qin Confucianism and legalism. During the long historical period from Yao to Han dynasty,in the course of the repeated interaction between theory and practice in the open historical environment,the legal ideal social picture of ancient china was formed.