伪满洲国时期的城市朝鲜移民

Korean Urban Immigrant in the Puppet Manchu States

朝鲜移民自19世纪中叶以来,由于政治、经济、社会等诸多原因,主动或被动地向中国东北地区迁移。朝鲜移民向中国东北地区的迁移相对集中在20世纪10年代和30年代,10年代,主要以图们江、鸭绿江流域的农村地区为中心;30年代,其移民范围扩大到延边地区之外的辽、吉、黑东北三省及内蒙古东部的广大地区。特别是伪满洲国成立后,城市朝鲜移民人口迅速增加。朝鲜移民在伪满洲国的长春、沈阳、哈尔滨、吉林等主要城市分散居住,女性比例远低于男性比例,定居的稳定性相对较弱。在职业和社会地位上处于日本人之下和中国人之上。

Korean immigrants have been actively or passively migrating to Northeast China since the middle ofthe 19th century due to political,economic and social reasons. The migration of Korean immigrants to northeast ofChina was relatively concentrated in the 1910s and 1930s. In the 1910s,it was mainly centered on the rural areasof the Tumen and Yalu River basins;In the 1930s,the scope of their immigration was extended to the outside ofYanbian,including provinces of Liao,Ji,Hei and eastern Inner Mongolia. Especially,after the establishment of thePuppet Manchu State,the population of the urban Korean immigrants increased rapidly and contributed to the ur-ban Korean immigrant society.