中国社会各界对伪满洲国问题的反应

Reaction of Chinese Community to the Issue of Puppet Manchukuo

领土是构成现代民族国家的核心要素之一。在民族主义情绪高昂的20世纪30年代,维护领土完整是中国民众的重要诉求,也成为国民政府保持政权合法性的基本条件。九·一八事变后,日本操纵成立伪满洲国,并加以承认,将东北三省从中国分裂出去,破坏中国主权与领土完整,引起了中国社会各界的高度瞩目。从伪满洲国成立到日本正式承认伪满洲国的整个过程中,中国社会各界在不同阶段分别作出了反应,并且相较伪满洲国成立,对日本承认伪满洲国反应更为激烈。与民间的反应相比,国民政府在外交上可供选择的策略有限,与民意期待尚有距离。

Territory is one of the core elements that makes up the modern nation. When nationalism was in highsentiment in the 1930s,safeguarding the integrity of territory was the basic demand of Chinese people and thebasic condition for the Kuomintang government to maintain the legitimacy of its regime. After the September 18thIncident,Japan established and manipulated puppet Manchukuo and recognized it afterwards. It split the threenortheast provinces from China and undermined the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China,arousing high at-tention of all fields of China. From the founding of puppet Manchukuo to Japan’ s recognition of puppet Man-chukuo,Chinese society responded differently at different stages,and compared to the establishment of puppetManchukuo,they reacted more intensely to Japan’ s recognition of puppet Manchukuo. Nevertheless,comparedwith the intense public reaction,the Kuomintang government had limited diplomatic strategy,which was far fromthe expectation of the public.