甘肃西部抗旱型玉米品种的综合评价及筛选

Comprehensive Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistant Maize Varieties in Western Gansu

为筛选出甘肃省西部地区抗旱能力较强的玉米品种,本研究选取该区域实际生产中表现较好的5个玉米品种为试验材料,测定其在水分胁迫条件下的产量、农艺性状及生理指标,以抗旱系数为基础,结合主成分分析、抗旱指数、抗旱隶属函数,综合评价玉米品种的抗旱能力;同时,通过GGE双标图呈现参试品种与各类指标的相互联系。结果表明,参试品种抗旱性依次为五谷568>五谷704>陇单9号>武科8号>先玉335。GGE双标图显示农艺性状中,百粒重与穗长、穗行数的正相关性较为紧密;生理生化指标中,非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)与光系统PSII中最大光能转换效率(F_v/F_m)、根活力(RA)与叶绿素含量(Chl)的负相关性较为密切。同时,穗粗、百粒重、过氧化物酶(POD)、丙二醛(MDA)、F_v/F_m等多个性状出现在五谷568所在的扇区,直观地从农艺性状和生理生化水平反映出五谷568的抗旱性优于其他品种的原因。本研究为甘肃西部地区玉米品种抗旱性综合评价提供了理论依据,并为该地区抗旱型玉米品种的亲本选配提供了优异的种质资源。

Five maize varieties with better performance in actual production in western Gansu were used to screen a variety with stronger drought resistance,and this capability was comprehensively evaluated through the maize yield under water stress conditions the agronomic characters and physiological indices based on drought resistance coefficient usingprincipal component analysis, drought resistance index and drought resistance membership function. In the meantime,the inter-association among the tested varieties and the indices were presented by GGE biplot in graphic form. The result showed that the drought resistance intensity sequence of the tested varieties Wugu 568〉Wugu704〉Longdan9〉Wuke8〉Xianyu 335. According to GGE biplot, closer positive correlations were found among hundred grain weight, ear length and ear row number in agronomic characters; while closer negative correlations were found between nonphotochemical quenching （NPQ） and maximum photochemical （Fv / Fm）, root activity （RA） and chlorophyll content（CHL）. Simultaneously, ear diameter, hundred grain weight, peroxidase （ POD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） andmaximum photochemical （Fv / Fm） appeared in the sector where Wugu568 was planted, which reflected the reason of the better drought resistance performance of Wugu568 from other varieties more intuitively from the aspects of agronomic characters and physiological-biochemical level.This study provides the oretical basis for the comprehensive evaluation of maize drought resistance in western Gansu, and excellent germplasm resources for the parent selection of maize varieties with good drought resistance performance.