2010-2014年农村侗族成年人体质健康发展态势研究

Research on Development Trends of the Physical Health of Rural Dong Minority Adults from 2010 to 2014

本文通过文献资料法、数理统计法和比较研究法对2010年与2014年国民体质测试怀化市农村侗族成年人体质指标的数据进行统计分析,旨在探究农村侗族成年人体质在4年间各体质指标的变化及发展规律,为提高我国农村少数民族体质健康及全民健身的开展提供理论参考和实践经验。研究结果表明:1.由于当地经济水平和文体产业的快速发展,侗族成年男性25-29岁和女性20-24岁年龄组身高增长明显(P<0.01,P<0.05),体重男性25-29岁、35-39岁和女性30-34岁年龄组有所增加(P<0.01,P<0.05),但身材比例都保持在正常范围内。2农村侗族成年男、女血压变化不大,均处于正常的范围内,而锻炼方式和生活方式的不恰当造成了心肺功能和心血管机能水平有所下降。3.农村侗族成年男、女平衡能力、柔韧素质均有所下降;快速反应能力成年男性无明显变化、成年女性由于兴趣爱好的差异,导致各年龄段变化不一;健身环境改善,使得成年男、女上肢力量及腰腹部力量均有明显增长。

Using the methods of literature, mathematic statistics and comparison research, the physique indexes of rural Dong Minority adults in Huaihua City of 2010 and 2014 are studied in this paper so as to reveal the laws for how their physique indexes changed and developed during the four years, and provide theoretical reference and practical experience for the improvement of the rural minority people＇s physical conditions in Huaihua and the implementation of nationwide fitness. The results show that：1.Due to the rapid development of the local economy and sports industry,the heights of adult male 25-29 age group and female 20-24 age group increases significantly（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;the weights of male 25-29 age group and 35-39 age group, as well as female 30-34 age group also increases（P〈0.01,P〈0.05） while the proportions are maintained in the normal range;2.The blood pressure of male and female adults in rural areas changes slightly within the normal range. However, improper exercise and lifestyle resulted in the decline of heart and lung function, as well as cardiovascular function;3.The balance and flexibility of rural adult male and female decreases; the quick response ability of adult males has no obvious change; as for women, due to differences in interests, changes various in different age groups; the improvement on exercise environment has led to significantly increase in both upper body strength and waist abdominal strength for adult male and female.