论乾嘉年间湘江沿岸四府食盐销售

Research on the Sale of Salt at Xiangjiang Littoral in Hunan during Qianlong and Jiaqing Period

乾嘉年间,湘江沿岸有岳州、长沙、衡州、永州四府。除衡州府酃县外,淮盐是官方唯一允许在四府销售的食盐。四府官盐供应有限,分配不均,根本不能满足百姓需求。充斥四府的私盐主要是淮私和粤私,其分界线在湘潭。四府私盐泛滥的主要原因是私盐价格较低。此外,淮盐走私活动隐蔽,虽然路途遥远,仍有大量淮私运到;清朝政府不许衡州府、永州府改食粤盐,也是粤私泛滥的重要原因。

During Qianlong and Jiaqing period, there were Yuezhoufu, Changshafu, Hengzhoufu and Yongzhoufu in Xiangjiang littoral. Huai salt was the only permitted table salt sold in the four places except Ling county in Hengzhou. The quantity of salt supplication that allowed to sell by the government was limited and allocation was not balance, thus it was hard to satisfy the need of local people. The smuggled salt here was maily Huai salt and Yue salt with the boundary line in Xiangtan. The primary reason why the place had so much smuggled salt is that the smuggled salt had a big advantage in price. Furthermore, the activity of the smuggling of Huai salt was coverd well, although the distance was very far, much smuggled Huai salt can be transported to the places. The Qing government didn’t allow Hengzhou and Yongzhou people eat Yue salt is the important reason why the smuggling of Yue salt overflow.