河南省常住居民体质指数与血压水平的关系研究

Relationship between Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index in Permanent Residents of Henan Province

目的了解河南省18~74岁常住居民血压水平及高血压患病现况,探讨高血压与体质指数(BMI)的关系。方法 2012年4—7月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取河南省18~74岁居民为研究对象,设计样本量为18 000名。面对面问卷调查的主要内容,包括居民基本特征(性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、家庭人均年收入)、生活习惯(吸烟史、饮酒史),以及身体测量(身高、体质量、腰围、臀围、血压)。结果本研究实际调查18 842名,获得有效样本为16 801名,有效率89.17%。居民高血压患病率27.63%(4 642/16 801),其中男性患病率29.90%(2 218/7 419),女性25.84%(2 424/9 382);高血压知晓率和治疗率分别为42.40%(1 968/4 642),35.95%(1 669/4 642),控制率仅11.44%(531/4 642)。绘制线图发现,不同性别居民收缩压、舒张压总体上随BMI增加而升高。相关性分析显示,调整性别、年龄后,BMI与收缩压、舒张压均呈正相关,偏相关系数分别为0.230、0.325(P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,BMI对不同性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、家庭人均年收入、吸烟史、饮酒史、中心性肥胖患者的血压有影响。结论河南省高血压患病率较高,患者血压控制率较低,BMI水平与血压密切相关,应重点加强超重、肥胖人群的高血压防控。

Objective To examine the relationship between high blood pressure and body mass index（BMI）among 18-74 years old residents in Henan Province.Methods Cross-sectional survey was conducted by using multi stage stratified random sampling method in all counties of Henan Province from April to July in 2012.The total number of designed respondents was 18 000.The face-to-face investigation mainly included basic characteristics（gender,age,education level,occupation and income）,lifestyles（smoking,drinking history） and physical measurement（height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference and blood pressure）.Results 18 842 were actually surveyed.The effective sample was 16 801 and the effective rate was 89.17% in this investigation.The hypertension prevalence was 27.63%（4 642/16 801）,the incidence of hypertension in male was 29.90%（2 218/7 419）and 25.84%（2 424/9 382） in female.The awareness and treatment rate were 42.40%（1 968/4 642）,35.95%（1 669/4 642）respectively,the control rate was only 11.44%（531/4 642）.Drawings fouding,systolic and diastolic blood pressure were increased with the increase of BMI in both genders.The correlation analysis showed that,BMI was positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure after the gender and age were adjusted,and the corresponding partial correlation coefficient were 0.230 and 0.325（P〈0.001）respectively.Multiple linear regression showed that BMI had influences on blood pressure of residents with different gender,age,education level,occupation,income smoking,drinking history and central obesity.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension in Henan was high,with a low blood pressure control rate,however.The blood pressure was closely related to BMI,so we should focus on strengthening the prevention and control measures of the overweight and obese people.