城市公交网络运行演化分析与瓶颈甄别

Evolution Analysis and Bottleneck Identification of Urban Bus Network

传统公交网络运行速度优化多基于人工调查开展,存在成本大、周期长、不精确、覆盖线路及区域有限等问题。该文基于深圳公交GPS数据和地图匹配算法,分析典型区域公交网络的运行态势,并采用渗流理论基本原理识别网络中的关键瓶颈路段。研究发现关键瓶颈路段与常规意义上的最拥堵路段并不一致,关键瓶颈路段上的车辆行驶速度对整个公交网络的运行效率影响非常大,优化关键瓶颈路段上的车辆行驶速度,可明显提高公交网络连通性及整个公交网络的运行效率,可作为改善公交网络运行效率的一个高效、低成本方法。

Traditional approaches to optimize the operation of the urban bus network rely on surveys, which are expensive, time-consuming, inaccurate and with limited spatial coverage of lines and areas. In this paper, we analyze the operation state of bus networks for two typical zones in Shenzhen based on bus GPS data and ST-Matching method. Percolation theory is applied to find the bottlenecks in the bus network. The pinpointed bottlenecks are different from the most congested road segments. Therefore, this paper provides a method to improve a whole bus network operation efficiency in a highly efficient and lower cost way.