西藏部分地区藏猪戊型肝炎病毒血清流行病学调查

Serological Epidemiological Investigation on Hepatitis E Virus in Tibetan Pigs in Some Areas of Tibet

为了解西藏地区藏猪戊型肝炎流行情况,在拉萨、林芝、昌都、日喀则和山南等5个市,采集305份藏猪血清,利用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法进行戊型肝炎病毒血清抗体检测,并用SPSS 21.0方法进行不同性别、不同区域间的显著性差异分析。结果显示:从305份藏猪血清中检测到81份抗体阳性,总抗体阳性率为26.6%(81/305);拉萨市和林芝市的抗体阳性率最高,达32.8%(20/61),其次为昌都市、日喀则市和山南市,阳性率分别为29.5%(18/61)、26.2%(16/61)、11.5%(7/61);山南市阳性率与其他4个市相比差异显著(P<0.05),公猪和母猪的抗体阳性率分别为23.3%(35/150)和29.7%(46/155),无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,西藏地区藏猪群中存在不同程度的猪戊型肝炎病毒感染。鉴于当地存在食用生或半生猪肉和猪肝的习俗,建议加强宣传,倡导健康饮食,同时加强高发区疫病防治,降低人类感染风险。

In order to recognize the prevalence status of Hepatitis E virus（HEV）in Tibetan pigs in Tibet,305 serum samples were collected from 5 cities consisting of Lhasa、Nyingchi、Qamdo、Rikaze and Shannan,and serological antibodies against HEV were detected by ELISA,then the significant differences between different sexes and regions were analyzed by the software of SPSS 21.0. Results showed that 81 of 305 serum samples were detected antibody-positive,the total antibody positive rate was 26.6%. In terms of regional distribution,the antibody positive rate in Lhasa and Nyingchi cities was the highest,reaching 32.8%（20/61）,then followed by Qamdo,Rikaze and Shannan cities,and the positive rates in the these cities were 29.5%（18/61）,26.2%（16/61）and 11.5%（7/61）,respectively. There was significant difference in antibody rate between Shannan and other four cities（P〈0.05）. In terms of gender distribution,the positive rates of antibodies in boars and sows were 23.3%（35/150）and 29.7%（46/155）,respectively,with no significant difference（P〉0.05）. The results indicated that there were different degrees of HEV infection in Tibet pigs. In view of the local customs of eating raw or half-lived pork and livers,it was recommended to strengthen publicity,promot healthy diets,strengthen the disease prevention and treatment in high-risk areas so as to reduce the risk of human infection.