我国集体协商权立法的演进

The Evolution of Legislation of the Right to Collective Consultation in China

集体协商权的产生、发展与市场经济的产生、发展紧密相连。早在1921年,隶属于中国共产党的内部机构——中国劳动组合书记部便公布了《劳动法大纲》和《劳动立法原则》。在《劳动法大纲》中,集体谈判权已经被明确地提了出来,认为劳动者有订立团体契约的权力。1931年的《中华苏维埃共和国劳动法》对集体合同做了界定。解放后,1950年6月颁布的《工会法》规定了工会的集体谈判权。然而,三大改造在1956年完成后,集体谈判制度、集体合同制度不再适用。在之后长达一二十年的时间里,集体谈判、集体合同的制度实践一度消失。2013年十八届三中全会提出"完善企业工资集体协商制度"之后,我国又迎来了集体协商权立法的第三波浪潮。

The emergence and development of the right to collective consultation are closely linked with the emergence and development of market economy. As early as 1921, the Chinese Labor Union secretary-general, an internal organ affiliated to the Communist Party of China, promulgated the Outline of Labor Law and the Labor Legislation Principles.In the ＂Outline of Labor Law,＂ the right to collective bargaining has been clearly set forth and the workers have the right to enter into a group contract. The 1931 ＂Labor Law of the Republic of the Soviet Republic of China＂ defines the collective contract. After the liberation, the ＂Trade Union Law＂ promulgated in June 1950 laid down the right to collective bargaining of trade unions. However, after the completion of the three major reforms in 1956, the system of collective bargaining and the system of collective contracts no longer apply. After a period of a decade or two, the institutional practice of collective bargaining and collective contract disappeared. After the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the ＂System of Collective Consultation for Enterprises＇ Welfare＂ in 2013, China also ushered in the third wave of legislation on collective bargaining power.