用“插花移民”推进精准脱贫--以宁夏平罗县为例

Using the Way of “Flower-arranging Migrants” to Promote the Realization of Targeted Poverty Alleviation——Taking Pingluo County of Ningxia as an Example

我国易地扶贫搬迁主要针对生态贫困区,可实现缓解贫困、保护生态环境和开发利用土地资源等多重目标,打破"贫困→环境退化→加剧贫困"恶性循环。宁夏平罗县"插花移民"采取"大分散、小集中"或"组团式"的方式,利用多个目标村庄,把移民分散安置到退出产权的农民所在村组集中(小集中),不进行集中安置,解决移民安置中"成本高、教育难、就业难、融入难"等问题。提高移民的生存能力,真正把移民"移活";最大限度盘活农村资源,提升脱贫工作的质量和水平;给移民后代带来希望,解决贫困代际传递的根本性问题。"插花移民"是一项政策性强、创新性强的系统工程,需要充分测算和利用农村客观存在的"插花移民"吸纳空间,及时跟进政策配套和部门协调以及农村公共服务。

The relocation of poverty alleviation in China is mainly aimed at poor ecological areas.It can achieve multiple goals such as alleviating poverty,protecting the ecological environment,exploiting and utilizing land resources.It can break the vicious circle of＂poverty → environmental degradation → deepening poverty＂.Pingluo County,Ningxia adopts flower-arranging immigrants＇ approach,by which multiple target villages can disperse immigrants to concentrate in the villages where the peasants who have withdrawn their property rights are concentrated.To solve the problems of＂high cost,difficult education,difficult employment and integration＂in the resettlement of immigrants,we can truly ＂move immigrants＂to maximize rural resources and improve the quality and level of poverty alleviation work.The fundamental problem of the intergenerational transmission of poverty could be adderssed by giving hope to future generations of immigrants.The＂flowerarranging immigrants＂is a system project with strong policy and innovation.It is necessary to fully measure and use the space of＂flower-arranging immigrants＂that exists objectively in rural areas.