病死动物源氨基酸研制的生物有机肥促生效果研究

Plant Growth Promotion Effect of Novel Bio-organic Fertilizers Produced by Solid-state Fermentation with Amino Acids Hydrolyzed from Animal Carcasses as Additive

废弃动物尸体酸解为氨基酸能够有效解决农业生产中动物尸体带来的环境污染问题,本研究利用此类病死动物资源水解的的氨基酸研制生物有机肥,以期在研制出低成本高品质生物有机肥的同时推进新型氨基酸的利用。本文首先比较了根际功能菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9在添加不同浓度酸解氨基酸液有机肥中的固体发酵效果及不同浓度酸解氨基酸水解液发酵的生物有机肥盆栽促生效果,进而确立了生物有机肥的氨基酸添加浓度。再进一步通过黄瓜、辣椒和玉米盆栽试验,评估了所研制新型生物有机肥的促生效果。研究结果表明:酸解氨基酸水解液添加量为20%时,所研制生物有机肥中功能菌数量最高,达到2.25×10~8CFU/g,是未添加氨基酸对照的3倍。黄瓜盆栽促生试验表明,氨基酸添加量为20%所发酵的生物有机肥促生效果优于其他处理和对照,株高、茎粗、叶绿素、鲜重和干重值均为最高,根围土壤中功能菌的数量达2.51×10~5CFU/g。不同作物盆栽试验结果表明,添加氨基酸研制的含菌株SQR9生物有机肥处理的促生效果优于添加化肥研制的含菌株SQR9生物有机肥、有机肥直接接种菌株SQR9研制的生物有机肥、普通有机肥和添加氨基酸的普通有机肥处理,同时施用含SQR9菌株的肥料促生效果优于施用不含功能菌的相同配方制造的有机肥处理,表明,利用菌株SQR9研制的生物有机肥具有良好的促生效果,相比于化肥,添加氨基酸固体发酵功能菌后更加有益于功能菌促生功能的发挥。在各种作物根围土壤中的微生物涂布试验中,添加氨基酸研制的含菌株SQR9生物有机肥处理的功能微生物数量显著高于其他处理。综上,添加20%的氨基酸水解液能够有效促进功能微生物在有机肥中的繁殖,固体发酵形成的生物有机肥具有优异的促生效果。

Animal carcasses hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid solution to create compound liquid amino acids is an effectively strategy in environment protection. However, how to efficiently utilize these liquid amino acids does cause public concem. In this study, compound liquid amino acids from animal carcasses were utilized as additives into matured composts to create novel bio-organic fertilizer （BIO） containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR）Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9, after that the effect on plant growth promotion of novel bio-organic fertilizers were investigated. Results showed that the optimal amendment concentration of liquid amino acids was 20%, which resulted in a maximum biomass of functional strains with the number of 2.25×10^8CFU/g （dry weight, the same follow） that was 3 times of the control without adding liquid amino acids. Pot experiment results showed that the effect on cucumber plant growth promotion of the novel BIO were superior to the other treatments amended with different concentrations of liquid amino acids and the control. The number of strain SQR9 in rhizosphere soil reached 2.5×10^5CFU/g soil. Results from pot experiments of different crops showed the novel produced BIO resulted in greater plant growth compared to the treatment amended with BIO produced by adding chemical fertilizer as additive, the treatment amended with BIO produced by adding none additive, the treatment amended with organic fertilizer and the treatment amended with organic fertilizer amended with liquid amino acids. Meanwhile, the treatments amended with the fertilizers with strain SQR9 showed better plant growth than the others, indicating that strainSQR9 exhibited plant growth promotion effect. Moreover, compared to the treatment amended with BIO produced by adding chemical fertilizer as additive, the treatment amended with novel BIO is more beneficial for the function enhancement of the strain SQR9. In the rhizosphere of different crops, significant higher number of functional microbes were observed in the treatment amended with novel BIO. To sum up, adding 20% of liquid amino acids effectively enhanced the growth of functional microbes in the organic fertilizer, and the produced novel BIO showed outstanding plant growth promotion effect.