中美政治语篇地名转喻的意识形态研究

Ideological Functions of Metonymy:The Metonymic Location Names in Chinese and American Political Discourses

本文运用语料库语言学的研究方法,对中美政治语篇中地名的转喻性用法进行实证研究,尝试依托自建语料库语料透析潜存于转喻使用背后的意识形态动因。基于英汉新闻报刊中有关中美关系话题的语料,借助USAS语义标注软件,按转喻识别程序,识别并概括出＂地点＂（次级）转喻模式,进一步的卡方检验从概念和话语层面更为精确地描绘出该转喻的分布特点与分化粒度。研究发现,中美政治语篇中＂地点＂转喻反映概念与话语层面上的使用特征,对潜存于背后的隐性的意识形态具有加强与建构作用,因此转喻成为中美媒体表达其政治观点与评价偏见的载体和实施后台操控的工具。

This paper examines ideological functions of metonymy by exploring the metonymic location names in Chinese and American political discourses. Based on evidence extracted from the self-built corpora of the news articles on Sino-US relations,and with the aid of USAS Semantic Tagger,the paper intends to investigate the ideological motivation in the use of PLACE metonymies.Following MIP,it identifies and concludes the（ sub） models of PLACE metonymies. The statistical analysis of these metonymies based on the chi-square test from conceptual and discursive parameters sketches out their distributional features with finer granularity,the coverage commonalities and differentiation of same metonymies in two media discourses. The findings reveal that the metonymies,while operative on an embodied basis,are actually tied up with and reinforce the hidden ideologies of discourse communities,and thus become the carrier of the political stance or disposition,and evaluative partiality of two media groups,implicitly exercising the manipulative check on their audience.