规模经济属性对供应链信息交易决策的影响研究

The Effect of Scale Economy on Supply Chain Information Transaction Decision

模型设置为由单制造商、单零售商组成的供应链,面对不确定市场需求,仅零售商拥有需求信息,供需双方进行信息交易决策。供应链信息共享一方面使制造商依据需求信息对批发价格进行调整,导致供应链双重边际化效应加剧;另一方面,双方依据对称的需求信息进行决策使零售商订货稳定性增加。若制造商为规模经济生产者,其平均生产成本随订货稳定性增加而降低。特别的,当制造商基础成本值较高,信息共享的成本节约效应大于双重边际化加剧,供应链利润增加,信息共享可通过信息交易实现;而若制造商边际生产成本恒定,平均成本不随订货稳定性改变,信息共享因降低供应链利润而无法实施。

This paper investigates a two - echelon supply chain system consisted of one manufacturer and one retailer. The retailer faces uncertain market demand and has some private information about the demand, we aim to illustrate the effect of demand fluctuation, scale economy on retailer＇ s information sharing motivation. The results are as follows. One side, information sharing intensifies supply chain double marginalization; on the other side, information sharing stabilizes retailer＇ s order quantities. For supply chain of scale economy, a stable order quantities decrease the manufacturer average production cost. When manfacturer has a higher basis production cost saving caused by information sharing over the effect of dominants double marginalization intensify. Supply chain profit increased, so information sharing can be realized by information transaction. For supply chain of linear production cost, information sharing cannot be realized because it intensifies double marginalization only.