注射用氨苄西林钠致过敏性休克病例分析

Analysis of Allergic Shock Cases Caused by Ampicillin Sodium for Injection

目的:探讨注射用氨苄西林钠致过敏性休克的影响因素和救治合理性,为降低用药风险提供参考。方法:对河北省药品监测评价中心2015年1月~2017年6月收集到的注射用氨苄西林钠所致71例过敏性休克病例报告(包括5例死亡病例)按照患者性别、年龄、适应证、溶媒、单次剂量、给药频次、给药途径、医疗机构级别分层及预后等方面进行统计分析。结果:注射用氨苄西林钠导致过敏性休克与超说明书使用有一定的关联性,其中超单次剂量用药和超给药频次用药以及使用不适宜的溶媒、未按要求用药前进行皮试为发生过敏性休克的主要原因,预后与及时诊断和合理救治关系密切。结论:在实际使用中注射用氨苄西林钠导致过敏性休克发生率依然很高,开展注射用氨苄西林钠安全性监测,及时合理选择和使用救治药品是降低风险的有效途径。

Objective： To investigate the influence factors and rational treatment of allergic shock caused by Ampicillin Sodium for injection,so as to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods： 71 allergic shock cases（ including5 death） caused by Ampicillin Sodium for injection in Hebei ADR monitoring system between 2015 January and 2017 June were analyzed,according to sex,age,indication,menstruum,single dose,frequency,route of medication,hierarchy of medical institutions and prognosis. Results： Allergic shock caused by Ampicillin Sodium for injection was related to the offlabel use of drug,the main reason was the use of over single dose and over dose frequency,the use of unsuitable solvents,and no-skin test before use. The prognosis had tight relationship with timely diagnosis and rational treatment. Conclusion：Allergic shock cases caused by ampicillin sodium for injection had a relatively high frequency in actual use. Safety monitoring and timely treatment was the effective way to decrease risk of allergic shock of Ampicillin Sodium for injection.