畜禽废弃物厌氧消化过程的氨氮抑制及其应对措施研究进展

Research progress of ammonia inhibition and counter measures during anaerobic digestion of livestock wastes

氨氮抑制是造成畜禽养殖废弃物厌氧消化处理效率低和运行稳定性差的主要因素之一。在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,简述了氨氮的来源及抑制阈值,剖析了氨氮抑制的机理及其影响因素,从氨氮的缓冲和微生物驯化2个方面总结了氨氮抑制的应对措施。建议重点加强畜禽养殖废弃物厌氧消化过程中氨氮释放规律、"氨氮-VFAs-碳酸盐"三元缓冲体系的调控模式、氨氮抑制的微生物学机制等方面的研究,以期为提高畜禽养殖废弃物厌氧消化工程的处理效率和运行稳定性提供参考。

During the anaerobic digestion（AD） of livestock wastes, the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen has become a potential inhibitor for anaerobic digestion, resulting in the low efficiency and instability of the operation.Based on literature review, this study summarizes source and inhibition threshold value of ammonia nitrogen, analyzes the mechanism and factors of ammonia inhibition, and put forwards to counter measures for ammonia nitrogen inhibition according to the buffering to ammonia inhibition and the acclimation of microorganism. Hereon, the research about the characteristic of ammonia release, the control strategy based on ternary buffer system composed of ammonia-VFAs-carbonates and the microbiological mechanisms of ammonia inhibition during the AD treatment of livestock wastes should be intensified, aiming at providing technical support for improving the efficiency and stability of AD of livestock wastes in practice.