新城市贫困群体生活环境感知及影响因子分析——以西安市典型社区为例

Analysis on Perception of Living Environment and Its Influencing Factors of New Urban Poverty Groups——A Case of Xi'an Typical Communities

基于西安市典型社区问卷调查数据,采用语义差别法、假设检验法和主成分分析法,研究新城市贫困群体生活环境感知与影响因子。结果表明:新城市贫困群体生活环境感知存在局限性,绝大多数生活环境感知指标都偏向中等水平。在居住面积、设施状况等指标上,主观感知与客观事实的偏差较大;新城市贫困群体生活环境感知存在群体差异,户籍对生活环境感知影响显著,职业、年龄、受教育程度仅有部分影响,性别基本无影响;影响新城市贫困群体生活环境感知的社区环境指标可归纳为居住环境因子、住房条件因子、社会环境因子和居住区位因子。其中,居住环境因子影响强度最大,其他各因子依次减弱。

Based on the survey data of Xi＇ an typical communities,using the method of semantic differential,hypothesis tests and principal component analysis,the perception of living environment and its influencing factors of new urban poverty groups were researched. The results showed that： New urban poverty groups had limitations on the perception of living environment,most of the perception indicators of living environment of them were at the medium level,and there were major deviation between subjective perception and objective facts on the dwelling space and facilities condition. There were significant differences among members of the new urban poverty groups. Household registration had a significant influence on living environment perception,occupation,age and level of education partly had influences,and gender almost had no influence. The factors of community environment influencing the living environment perception of new urban poverty groups could be classified into residential environment factor,housing condition factor,social environment factor and residential location factor,of which residential environment factor had the most impact,other factors weakening in turn.