云南省汉族人群骨骼健康状况及影响因素调查

Bone health and its impact factors among Han adults in Yunnan province

目的分析云南省汉族人群跟骨定量超声参数及其影响因素,为制定促进骨骼健康的措施提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对1 766名20~80岁云南省汉族居民进行问卷调查、体格检查;并用Pegasus仪器测定跟骨定量超声(QUS)参数:宽波段超声衰减(BUA)值与声速(SOS)值;采用线性回归分析影响因素。结果经协方差分析校正年龄后,男性BUA值高于女性(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,男性QUS值与年龄呈负相关;吸烟者QUS参数值降低(BUA:β=–4.3、SOS:β=–8.1);个人月收入≥3 001元(BUA:β=8.2)、饮酒(BUA:β=4.3)、每周≥3次体育锻炼者QUS参数值较高(SOS:β=8.6)。女性中,60~80岁(BUA:β=–8.0)、已绝经者(BUA:β=–13.2、SOS:β=–21.5)QUS参数值显著降低;体质指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m2(BUA:β=6.7)以及体育锻炼者QUS参数值显著升高。结论高龄、低BMI、吸烟、缺乏锻炼以及绝经等因素是云南省汉族人群骨骼健康的危险因素;加强体育锻炼可以促进骨骼健康。

Objective To explore quantitative ultrasound（QUS） parameters of calcaneus and factors associated with the parameters in Han adult residents living in Yunnan province and to provide evidences for developing bone health promotion strategies. Methods Using multistage stratified cluster sampling, we conducted a questionnaire survey and physical examination among 1 766 Han community residents aged 20 – 80 years. We adopted Pegasus device to measure broadband ultrasound attenuation（BUA） and speed of sound（SOS） of calcaneus among the participants. Multivariate linear regression model was employed to analyze factors correlated to calcaneus QUS parameters. Results The results of covariance analysis demonstrated that the calcaneus BUA of the male participants was significantly higher than that of the female participants after adjusting for age（P〈0.05）. The results of multivariate analysis revealed that calcaneus QUS parameters were reversely associated with age in the male participants; current smokers had lower QUS parameters（BUA： β = – 4.3, SOS： β = – 8.1）;the male participants with personal monthly income of ≥ 3 001 RMB yuan（BUA： β = 8.2）, drinking alcohol currently（BUA： β = 4.3）, and doing physical exercise ≥ 3 times/per week（SOS： β = 8.6） were more likely to have higher calcaneus QUS values. While, the female participants aged 60 – 80 years（BUA： β = – 8.0） and being menopausal（BUA： β = – 13.2;SOS： β = – 21.5） were more likely to have lower calcaneus QUS parameters; but those with the body mass index（BMI） of≥ 28 kg/m2（BUA： β = 6.7） and doing physical exercise were more likely to have higher with the QUS parameters.Conclusion Elder age, low BMI, smoking, lack of physical exercise, and menopause are risk factors for calcaneus QUS parameters and having physical exercise may improve bone health among Han adult community residents in Yunnan province.