112例胃癌患者营养风险筛查分析

Nutritional risk screening among 112 gastric cancer inpatients

目的采用NRS-2002法评估胃癌住院患者营养风险,分析营养风险与营养不良、生活质量之间的相关性以及年龄、性别、病期对其影响。方法采用营养风险筛查工具2002(NRS2002)对2017年6月1日—8月31日期间在湖南省肿瘤医院住院的112例胃癌患者进行营养风险评估,并使用胃癌患者生活质量问卷(QLQ-STO22)对其生活质量进行评价,同时检测其身高、体重、总蛋白、血红蛋白等生理指标,评价营养不良状况。结果 112例胃癌患者中存在营养风险比例为70.5%,患者年龄(χ2=4.824,P=0.028)、病期(χ2=5.320,P=0.021)是营养风险的影响因素;低体重(51.49±8.54)kg、低BMI(19.48±2.67)kg/m2、低总蛋白、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白[分别为(60.91±8.74)、(38.90±4.87)、(103.99±16.45)g/L]是胃癌患者营养风险的影响因素(P<0.05);营养风险与胃癌患者生活质量具有相关性,营养风险对患者吞咽、返流症状、进食受限、味道改变领域的得分均有明显影响(P<0.05)。结论胃癌患者营养风险越大,营养不良发生率越高,患者生活质量下降越快;应重视对胃癌患者进行早期的营养风险筛查,开展合理的营养干预,改善患者的营养状况和生活质量。

Objective To evaluate nutritional risk using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002（NRS2002） and to analyze correlations between nutritional risk and malnutrition, quality of life, age, gender, and disease duration among gastric cancer inpatients. Methods We recruited 112 gastric cancer inpatients in Hunan Province Tumor Hospital during the period from June 1 st to August 31 st, 2017. Then we conducted a nutritional risk assessment using NRS2002, an evaluation on quality of life with Quality of Life Questionnaire of Stomach 22（QLQ-STO22）, and measurements of physiological indicators including height and weight and blood total protein and hemoglobin among the inpatients. Results Of the inpatients, 70.5%were identified with nutritional risk. Among the inpatients, the influencing factors of the nutritional risk included age（χ2 =4.824, P = 0.028）, disease duration（χ2 = 5.320, P = 0.021）, low body weight（51.49 ± 8.54 kg）, low body mass index（BMI）（19.48 ± 2.67 kg/m2）, low total protein（60.91 ± 8.74 g/L）, low serum albumin（38.90 ± 4.87 g/L）, and low hemoglobin（103.99 ± 16.45 g/L）（all P〈0.05）. The nutritional risk was correlated with the quality of life and the presence of nutritional risk could significantly affect the scores of swallowing, reflux, eating restriction, and taste change among the inpatients（P〈0.05 for all）. Conclusion The nutritional risk is correlated positively with the incidence of malnutrition and the decline in quality of life among gastric cancer inpatients. Concerns should be paid on early nutritional risk screening for the implementation of reasonable intervention in order to improve the nutrition status and quality of live among gastric cancer patients.