开放格局、区域一体化与重塑经济地理——基于“一带一路”、长江经济带的新经济地理学分析

Opening Ground, Integration and Reshaping Economic Geography: A New Economic Geography Analysis of “Belt and Road” Initiative and Yangtze River Economic Belt

本文基于"一带一路"倡议、长江经济带勾勒的开放格局,构建两国四地区的新经济地理学模型,分析开放格局变迁与区域一体化对中国经济地理带来的影响。研究结果表明:开放格局的变迁会引致国际市场对产业的"向心力"与"离心力"发生改变,临近一个区域的国际市场规模越大,集聚力就越大;临近的外国竞争产品越多,分散力就越大;构建内陆的国际贸易通道,会使得本国产业布局趋于分散化,降低外部市场一体化对本国造成的冲击;内陆国际贸易通道改变了本国市场一体化对经济地理重塑的影响,当国内一体化优先于国际一体化时,本国市场进一步一体化会导致产业布局沿"从分散到集聚再到分散"的"钟状曲线"路径演化。因此,以统一的大国市场体系为基础,打造欧亚大陆上的陆路开放通道,是重塑中国经济地理以及破解"胡焕庸线"难题的关键。

Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the central government has implemented several regional development plans,including the ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative and the Yangtze River Economic Belt,aiming to reshape the economic geography of China. This paper is based on the＂Belt and Road＂ initiative and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and outlines the opening ground. In order to analyze the impact of the opening ground on the regional integration of China＇s economic geography, this paper has built a new economic geography model comprising of four regions and two countries.From those, it draws some conclusions. Firstly, the change of opening ground will lead to shifting centripetal and centrifugal forces from the international marketplace. The greater the scale of neighbouring markets, the stronger the agglomeration force will be; the more product varieties made in neighbouring countries,the more potent its dispersion force. Secondly, developing an inland international trade corridor will make industry distribution more decentralised, and reduce the impact of external market integration on home countries. Thirdly, the inland international trade corridor could alter the effect of domestic market integration on the economic geography. When domestic integration occurs prior to international integration, further integration of domestic market leads to greater industrial distribution along a bell-shaped curve, which describes economic activities from dispersion to agglomeration to decentralisation. Therefore, developing an integrated market system of major countries and an opening corridor between China and Europe is not only the key to reshaping China＇s economic geography but also the path to solving the problems of the Heihe-Tengchong Line.