里耶秦简牍户籍文书妻从夫姓蠡测

An Estimation of the Phenomenon of Women Taking their Husbands' Surnames in Household Registration Documents in Qin Slips of Liye

里耶秦简牍户籍文书所见妻不书姓现象,或许反映了妻从夫姓的社会情形。其中只有户人书姓,体现了秦文书的简洁,也体现出秦户籍管理中以户人为中心的原则。户人之妻不书姓,可能是从夫姓,或体现了出嫁从夫观念在秦边疆地带的普遍流行。西北汉简所见卒家属廪名籍、葆出入名籍、吏及家属符和过关简牍中妻从夫姓明显,孙吴的临湘侯国户籍简牍则存在妻不书姓现象,两者或可证明里耶秦简牍户籍文书中的妻从夫姓情形延及后世。

The phenomenon of women without their surnames in household registration documents in Qin Slips of Liye may reflect the social situation that women took their husbands＇ surnames. However the fact that householders＇ surnames were registered may both embody the conciseness of Qin documents and reflect the principle of focusing on householders in the household registration of Qin Dynasty. The householders＇ wives without their surnames may demonstrate taking their husbands＇ surnames, which may indicate the wide popularity of the concept of women following their husbands after marriage in the border area of the Qin Dynasty. The women taking their husbands＇ surnames are obvious in relevant Han Slips from the northwest region, whereas the women＇s surnames weren＇t registered on household registration documents in relevant Wu Slips from the southeast region. The above two situations may reflect the fact that women taking their husbands＇ surnames in household registration documents in Qin Slips of Liye produced a lasting influence.