3种不同颜色果实的南方红豆杉RAPD多样性分析

RAPD Polymorphism Analysis on Three Southern Chinese Yews(Taxus chinensis var. mairei) with Different Fruit Colors

本研究采用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术,比较了在安徽宣城发现的黄色、金黄色果实红豆杉和普通红色果实红豆杉的遗传多样性。通过提取3种样品DNA,对20个10 bp随机RAPD引物进行PCR扩增,共获得97个条带,其中18个引物扩增的多态性条带有74条,占76.29%;普通红色果实豆杉DNA多态性百分率最大,为30.93%,而黄色果实红豆杉DNA多态性百分率最小,为17.53%。黄色果实红豆杉和金黄色果实红豆杉之间的遗传相似系数为0.546 4,黄色果实红豆杉和普通红色果实红豆杉之间遗传相似系数为0.515 5,金黄色果实红豆杉和普通红色果实豆杉之间的遗传相似系数为0.412 4。研究结果初步表明,黄色果实红豆杉和金黄色果实红豆杉之间亲缘关系较近,遗传差异性小,金黄色果实红豆杉和普通红色豆杉之间亲缘关系较远,遗传差异性较大。本研究结果可为了解红豆杉的遗传变异状况,黄色果实红豆杉资源的开发、利用和保护提供分子生物学依据。

In this research,the genetic variation of three Taxus chinensis with yellow,golden yellow and red fruit color from Anhui Province were compared by using random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD markers）.DNAs of three samples were extracted and amplified by PCR with 20 10 bp-primers.A total of 97 bands were obtained.74 bands from 18 primers were polymorphic,accounting for 76.29%.The polymorphism percentage from Taxus chinensis with red fruit color was 30.93%,with yellow fruit color was 17.53%.The genetic similarity coefficient of Taxus chinensis was 0.546 4 between yellow and golden,and 0.515 5 between yellow and red,and 0.412 4 between red and golden.It indicated that genetic relationship and little genetic differences between yellow and golden were closely.The results of this study can provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic variation of Taxus chinensis and the exploitation,utilization and protection of the yellow fruit in Taxus chinensis.