不同基因型蓝莓离体茎段的增殖培养技术

The Multiplication Culture Techniques of in Vitro Stem Segments of Blueberry with Different Genotypes

蓝莓是近几年新兴的小果类果树之一,它主要通过组培法和扦插法进行繁殖,与扦插法相比,组培法具有繁殖速度快、繁殖系数高、不受时间限制等优点,因而在蓝莓种苗生产中的应用越来越广。为了更好地提高蓝莓繁殖系数,加快种苗繁殖速度,探讨蓝莓增殖培养的最佳培养基,本研究以奥尼尔、蓝丰、都克及美登当年新生嫩枝为外植体,经过处理后接种在MS培养基上建立无菌株系,然后以WPM为基本培养基,通过添加不同种类和不同浓度的细胞分裂素(6-BA,KT和ZT),研究不同细胞分裂素对蓝莓茎段增殖系数的影响。结果表明,在这3种细胞分裂素的作用下,ZT对其侧芽增殖的作用较为明显。在此基础上,设置ZT和生长素IBA的不同浓度组合,采用增殖系数、叶色、茎段质量及株高等指标进行评价。结果表明,对不同基因型的蓝莓来说,WPM+1.0 mg/L ZT是较为通用的最佳增殖培养基。

Blueberry is one of the small fruit trees emerging in recent years,which depends on tissue culture and cuttage to reproduction.Compared with cuttage,tissue culture has many advantages,such as fast propagation,high reproductive coefficient and no time limitation.Therefore,it is widely applied in blueberry seedling production.In order to increase the reproduction coefficient of blueberry,accelerate the speed of seed and seedling propagation,and screen the best medium for multiplication culture,this paper used the young shoots of O＇Neal,Bluecrop,Duke and Blomidon as explants to inoculate in MS medium after treatments for the axenic strain establishments.Then,we used WPM as basic medium and investigated the effects of cytokinin on stem by adding different kinds and concentrations of cytokinins（6-BA,KT and ZT）.The results showed that ZT had the most obvious effect on lateral buds multiplication among three cytokinins.Based on this result,we designed different concentrations combination of ZT and auxin IBA,and adopted different evaluation indexes,such as multiplication coefficient colors of leaves,quality of stem and height,to assess the results.The results indicated that WPM ＋1.0 mg/L ZT was the most suitable proliferation medium for blueberry with different genotypes.