西部社区山地灾害风险认知与应急管理能力评价——以四川省彭州市小鱼洞镇为例

Risk Perception of Mountain Hazards and Assessment of Emergency Management of Western Communities in China——A Case Study of Xiaoyudong Town in Pengzhou City,Sichuan Province

[目的]探讨山区留守人员对地质灾害(如崩塌、滑坡与泥石流等)的减灾防灾的认知情况以及对当地政府的应急管理能力进行评价。[方法]选取受泥石流等山地灾害威胁的彭州市小鱼洞镇为研究区,基于实地问卷调查数据,并用SPSS与Microsoft Excel软件进行描述性分析,获得了受访人员对有效减灾防灾措施的认可度。[结果]留守人员对于减灾防灾的基本理论知识和应急反应能力是有限的,公众对防灾减灾的认知有一定的错误和曲解;通过已有的评价模型对小鱼洞镇地质灾害应急管理能力进行评价,评分为84,表明该区域应急管理能力较强,当地人民也较为满意。[结论]在起草紧急计划之前,政府应该更多的考虑留守群体的期望和实际的疏散能力,而不是靠想象中的情况来完成计划好的工作,同时加强应急管理能力的建设,提高突发地质灾害应对能力。

[Objective]To discuss the cognition of the left-behind personnel in mountain area for geological hazard（such as collapse,landslide and debris flow）in order to evaluate local government＇s emergency management capability.[Methods]Xiaoyudong Town in Pengzhou City,Sichuan Province was selected as a study area,which is threatened by debris flow and other mountain hazards.Based on field survey data and descriptive analysis with SPSS and Microsoft Excel software,we got the recognition degree of interviewees for effective disaster prevention and mitigation measures.[Results]The left-behind personnel is limited in basic theoretical knowledge of disaster prevention and short of emergency response capacity.There are some mistakes and misunderstandings in public awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation.Through the existing evaluation model,the evaluation score,with respect to the ability of emergency management of Xiaoyudong Twon＇s geological disasters,is 84,which indicated that the regional emergency management ability is good,and thelocal people are more satisfied with it.[Conclusion]Before drafting an urgent plan,the government should fully consider the expectations of the left-behind group and the actual evacuation ability,rather than rely on the imagined situation to complete the planned work.At the same time,local government should strengthen the construction of emergency management capability and improve the coping ability of the sudden geological hazard.