基于DEM的淮河源地貌形态类型划分

Classification of Geomorphic Forms of Huaihe River Source Based on DEM

[目的]对淮河源地貌形态类型进行划分研究,为该区土地利用、旅游和城市规划以及生物多样性保护提供参考依据。[方法]以淮河源地区为研究对象,基于分辨率为30m的DEM数据,采用地貌形态划分方案中具有代表性的柴宗新方案、徐汉明方案和高玄彧方案,运用空间分析中的邻域分析、重分类、地图代数以及转换工具等,分别对各方案下的淮河源地貌形态类型进行划分并与实际勘察地形进行对比与分析,探寻适合淮河源地貌基本形态划分的最佳方案。[结果]柴宗新方案要素单一,不能确切反映地貌的基本特征;高玄彧方案中的2级分类对研究区并未发挥其作用,该方案比较适合高程高,地貌形态类型多的地区;徐汉明方案采用相对高度和海拔高度2个条件作为地貌基本形态划分的依据,此方案即兼顾了绝对高度的客观作用,又考虑了人们观察山地的真实感受,因此徐汉明方案比较适合淮河源地貌形态的划分。[结论]根据徐汉明方案将淮河源地区地貌形态划分为平原、丘陵、低山和中低山4种类型,主要以平原和丘陵为主,表现为东低西高,北低南高的地势特征。

[Objective]Studying on the classification of geomorphologic types in Huaihe River Source to provide reference for land use,tourism,urban planning and biodiversity conservation in this area.[Methods]Taking Huaihe River source as an object of study,adopting the representative landform classification scheme in the Chai Zongxin scheme,Xu Hanming scheme and Gao Xuanyu scheme,using neighborhood analysis,reclassification,map algebra,and conversion tools in spatial analysis,the geomorphologic types of Huaihe River source were classified under each scheme and compared with the actual survey terrain based on the DEM data with a resolution of 30 meters so as to find the most suitable scheme for the basic morphologic classification of the Huaihe River source landforms.[Results]The Chai Zongxin scheme is single factor and can not reflect the basic features of the geomorphology.Gao Xuanyu scheme did not proved its advantages fully in the two grade classification for the study area,as it is more suitable for the area with high elevation and complex landform.The Xu Hanming scheme is based on 2 conditions,both relative height and altitude,that is to say,objective effect and subjective feeling of height were considered for basic morphologic classification of the geomorphology.Therefore,the Xu Hanming scheme is more suitable for the division of geomorphology in Huaihe River Source.[Conclusion]According to the Xu Hanming scheme,the geomorphic form of Huaihe River Source region was divided into 4 types：plain,hilly,low mountain and middle andlow mountain,it is mainly covered by plain and hill,is low in the east and the north part and high in the west and the south part.