城市“生态治理”政策流动的一种新设计——以“宜昌试验政策”为例

A New Design of Urban Policy Mobilities on “Ecological Governance”——A Case Study of “Yichang Experiment”

如何提升城市"生态治理"政策流动的科学性,而不是简单地复制异域"示范性"政策?这不仅关乎中国城市生态环境的改善,而且是跳出既定政策设计思路"惯性"的变革。基于城市政策流动和德勒兹生成理论的框架,从平衡政策与自然生态关系、促进政策过程性和空间性优化、重塑了宜昌试验"生态治理"政策:以生态问题导向、强化公众参与、政治性弱化和降低典范意识为核心促进了主体的消解;利用系列设计、结构设计、弱势群体和弱势知识的交乘公式优化了生态守护政策、生态产业和资本化政策、生态科普政策;将试点经验作为政策推广的"根",以音乐模型保持两条水生态人文走廊自然与人文的律动,以海洋模型促进特色生态小镇空间的融合转化,以数学模型开发生态指标和经济指标的政府绩效评价体系和以美学模型拓展生态空间设计。

How to enhance the ＂ecological governance＂ urban policy mobility in a more scientific way, rather than simply replicating exotic ＂model＂ policy？ This is not only related to the improvement of China＇s urban ecological environment, but also a revolution jumping out of the established rigid policy design ＂inertia＂. Based on the framework of the urban policy mobility and Deleuze＇s＂Becoming＂ thoughts, ＂Yichang Experiment＂, an ecological governance policy, was reshaped by balancing policy and nature and improving procedural and spatial policy design. First, being ecology-centered, enhancing public engagement, and reducing the political impact and best-example awareness were taken as the key to realizing subject disintegration; second, multiply items of＂series＂ ＂structures＂, ＂disadvantaged groups＂and ＂disadvantaged knowledge＂were used to improve ecological protection policy,ecological industry and monetary policy, ecological science popularization policy; at last, music model was applied to keep two aquatic ecological and humanistic corridors in harmony, ocean model was used to transform different spaces of special ecological towns, mathematical model to develop government performance evaluation system with ecological and economic development indicators, and aesthetics model to extend the ecological space design.