“以色列2020规划”与以色列的国土空间政策

“Israel 2020 Plan”and Israel's National Spatial Policy

受制于狭小的地理空间、匮乏的自然资源,以及险恶的地缘政治环境,自建国以来以色列一直高度重视国土空间规划。进入20世纪90年代以来,随着前苏联移民的大批涌入以及城市化的高速发展,以色列学界和政界共同制定了"以色列2020规划"。该规划的目标是通过对以色列进行系统的国土空间规划,以应对21世纪的挑战。虽然"以色列2020规划"不具有法律地位和强制性,但其绝大部分内容和精神都被吸收到"第35号国家总体规划"中并正式赋予其法定效力。作为应对21世纪挑战的重要方案,"以色列2020规划"对新世纪以来的以色列国土空间政策有着重要的指导意义。

Subject to the small geographical space and the scarcity of natural resources,as well as the bad geopolitical environment,Israel has always attached great importance to the planning of the national space since its founding.Since the 1990s,with the influx of immigrants from the former Soviet Union and the rapid development of urbanization,Israeli academics and political circles have jointly formulated"Israel 2020 Plan".The plan's goal is to address the challenges of the 21st century through systematic planning the national space in Israel.Although the"Israel 2020Plan"does not have legal status or coercion,most of its contents and spirit have been absorbed into the official plan of National Master Plan 35and have been officially given legal effect.As an important program of Israel's response to the challenges of the 21st century,the "Israel 2020 Plan"has an important guiding significance for Israel's national spatial policy in the new century.