偏常人格大学生个体的决策功能研究

A study on decision-making of college students with deviant personality

目的:探究偏常人格大学生的决策功能特征。方法:采用爱荷华博彩测试(Iowa Gambling Task)对55例人格偏常大学生、31例健康对照组进行决策功能的测试,并对两组被试进行DSM-5人格量表(PID-5)测试,比较两组决策功能及PID-5结果。结果:两组被试逐渐减少A卡片(F=18.17,P<0.01)的选择数,逐渐增加D卡片(F=12.93,P<0.01)的选择数,净不利卡片数(A+B)-(C+D)呈现显著下降的趋势(F=9.25,P<0.01)。A卡片选择数占总不利卡片选择数的比例,人格偏常组显著高于对照组(t=-2.24,P=0.03)。净不利卡片数(A+B)-(C+D)在人格偏常组与对照组之间无统计学差异(t=-0.61,P=0.55)。PID-5的敌意维度与净不利卡片数存在显著相关(r=0.38,P<0.01);敌意维度下的敌对(r=0.25,P=0.02)、操控(r=0.25,P=0.02)、欺诈(r=0.25,P=0.02)、傲慢(r=0.36,P<0.01)、寻求关注(r=0.32,P<0.01)、冷漠(r=0.26,P=0.02)与净不利卡片数之间显著相关。结论:偏常人格大学生倾向于冒险决策,且决策功能与敌意维度及相关特质有关。

Objective：To explore the decision-making characteristics of college students with deviantpersonality. Methods： A total of 55 students with deviant personality and 31 healthy control students wereenrolled. The Iowa Gambling Task（IGT）was conducted and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5（PID-5）wasadministered to compare the decision-making and PID-5 results between the two groups. Results： Two groupsdropped off card A＇s chooses（F=18.17, P0.01）and increased card D＇s chooses（F=12.93, P0.01）gradually.The indexes of（A＋B）-（C＋D）of two groups were decreased significantly during the IGT test（F=9.25, P0.01）.The deviant personality group showed significantly higher ratio of A/（A＋B）than the control group（t=-2.24, P=0.03）. There were no significant differences of indexes of（A＋B）-（C＋D）between two groups（t=-0.61, P=0.55）.There was a significant correlation（r=0.38, P0.01）between antagonism dimension and（A＋B）-（C＋D）; The sixtraits belonging to antagonism had significant correlation with（A ＋ B）-（C ＋ D）： hostility（r=0.25, P=0.02）,manipulativeness（r=0.25,P=0.02）, deceitfulness（r=0.25, P=0.02）, grandiosity（r=0.36, P0.01）,attention seeking（r=0.32, P0.01）, callousness（r=0.26, P=0.02）. Conclusion： The deviant personality people tend to takingrisky strategy in decision-making, and the decision-making strategy may be associated with personality traitantagonism dimension.