腰椎术后肺栓塞的危险因素研究进展

Risk factors of pulmonary embolism after lumbar spine surgery

腰椎手术是治疗腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎滑脱、腰椎间盘突出症、退变性侧弯等保守治疗无效的腰椎疾患的有效手段。肺栓塞（pulmonary embolism,PE）是腰椎术后的严重并发症,多是继发于下肢静脉血栓形成,虽然其少见却是致命性的^（[1]）。文献报道腰椎术后PE发生率在0.022%~7.500%^（[2-6]）。但是其死亡率在8.5%~17.5%^（[4,7-10]）。

Lumbar spine surgery is commonly performed for the treatment of advanced stage of lumbar spine pathologies. The complication of pulmonary embolism(PE）, which was always secondary to deep venous thrombosis(DVT）, was rare but fetal. The incidence of PE after lumbar spine surgery has previously been reported from 0.022% to 7.500%. And the mortality varied from 8.5% to 17.5%. Knowing the risk factors of PE is crucial for its prevention. The risk factors included BMI, age, intraoperative positioning, teaching hospital, length of hospital stay, male sex, operative time over 261 min, anterior/posterior combined approach and fusion levels.