钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂有效性和安全性再认识

An update on the efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors

钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2（SGLT-2）抑制剂是一类新的口服糖尿病治疗药物,其通过增加葡萄糖在尿液中的排泄发挥降糖作用.无论单药治疗还是与其他降糖药物联用,临床证据均已证实其降糖的有效性.此外,SGLT-2抑制剂还被证实具有心血管获益、肾保护作用、减轻体重及降低血压等降糖外作用.但临床医生仍需重视SGLT-2抑制剂可带来的少见但危险的潜在不良反应,包括泌尿系生殖道感染、糖尿病酮症酸中毒、下肢截肢风险增加.

As a newly developed calss of oral antidiabetic drugs, sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have a unique mechanism of action leading to excretion of glucose in the urine and sub-sequent lowering of plasma glucose. Evidence from clinical trials has suggested promising efficacy when used as momotherapy or in combination with any other antihyperglycemic medications. Moreover, SGLT-2 had been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, as well as to play a role in renal protection, and reduce body weight and blood pressure except lowering blood glucose. However, physicians should be aware of the rare but dangerous potential adverse effects when treated with SGLT-2 inhibitor, such as urinary tract infection and genital infections, diabetic ketoacidosis, increased risk of leg and foot amputations.