广州市荔湾区餐饮业厨工诺如病毒感染情况及影响因素调查

Survey and analysis on the infection status of Norovirus on kitchen staff in Liwan District of Guangzhou

目的了解荔湾区餐饮业厨工的诺如病毒隐性感染情况,分析厨工感染诺如病毒的影响因素,为制定诺如病毒感染性腹泻防控对策提供可靠的科学依据。方法采用分层抽样的横断面调查法。通过采集调查对象的粪便或肛拭子样本进行诺如病毒检测来了解目标人群的感染情况,采用real-time PCR核酸检测方法对粪便或肛拭子进行诺如病毒核酸检测;通过调查问卷分析厨工诺如病毒感染的影响因素,调查问卷内容分为厨工一般情况、工作状况、卫生饮食习惯、近期健康情况及检测结果。结果共525名厨工参与调查,经核对有效资料500份,有效率为95.24%。500份样本中检出6份诺如病毒核酸阳性,阳性率为1.20%;且阳性组年龄高于阴性组(t=-12.868,P<0.001),阳性组与阴性组在工作状况内容方面、卫生习惯及饮食习惯、近期健康情况上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广州市荔湾区餐饮业厨工诺如病毒隐性感染率为1.20%,餐饮业有暴发诺如病毒感染性腹泻的潜在危险,应该加强厨工诺如病毒感染情况的监测,落实相关卫生监督措施。

Objective To investigate the infection status of Norovirus on kitchen staff in Liwan District,to analyze the influencing factors,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Norovirus gastroenteritis. Methods Cross-sectional survey method was descriptive epidemiological for sampling. Norovirus was detected by collecting feces or anal swab samples of subjects to investigate the infection status of the target population,and Norovirus nucleic acid was detected by carrying on a real-time PCR nucleic acid detection method on feces or anal swabs. Questionnaires were used to analyze the influencing factors of Norovirus infections among kitchen workers. The questionnaires were divided into general conditions,working conditions,hygienic eating habits,recent health conditions,and test results. Results A total of 525 kitchen workers participated in the survey and 500 valid data were verified. The effective rate was 95. 24%. Six Norwalk virus nucleic acid were detected in 500 samples,with a positive rate of 1.20%. The age of the positive group was higher than that of the negative group(t =-12. 868,P〈0. 001）. There was no significant statistical difference in the content of working conditions,health habits,eating habits,and recent health status between the positive and negative groups(P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Norovirus latent infection rate of kitchen workers in Liwan District of Guangzhou City was 1. 20%. The catering industry had the potential risk of outbreak of Norovirus infectious diarrhea. The monitoring of Norovirus infections in kitchen workers should be strengthened to implement relevant health surveillance measures.