孕妇免疫球蛋白G抗体效价与妊娠次数、妊娠年龄和ABO新生儿溶血病的关系

Relationships between IgG antibody titer of pregnant women and gravidity,maternal age,and ABO hemolytic disease of newborn

目的探讨孕妇免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体效价与妊娠次数、妊娠年龄和ABO新生儿溶血病的关系,为临床提供参考。方法利用随机数字表法随机选取2014年1月-2016年12月泸州市人民医院收治的330例O型Rh D阳性血型的孕妇(其配偶血型非O型)为研究对象,通过微柱凝胶技术对孕妇血清中IgG抗体效价进行检测,分析其抗体分布状况及其与妊娠次数、妊娠年龄的相关性,并采用溶血试验探讨孕妇IgG抗体效价与ABO新生儿溶血病的相关性。结果共有149例(45.15%)孕妇IgG抗体效价≥1∶64;孕妇IgG抗体效价与妊娠年龄、孕次存在正相关关系,伴随着妊娠年龄与孕次的增加,其IgG抗体效价明显提高(P<0.05)。共103例(31.12%)新生儿溶血病患儿;孕妇IgG抗体效价与ABO新生儿溶血病存在正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论孕妇IgG抗体效价与妊娠年龄、孕次存在正相关关系,且与ABO新生儿溶血病存在正相关关系,孕期检测IgG抗体效价有助于预防与控制ABO新生儿溶血病发生率。

Objective To explore the relationships between IgG antibody titer of pregnant women and gravidity,maternal age,and ABO hemolytic disease of newborn,provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 330 pregnant women with Rh D-positive O blood type(their husbands were not found with O blood type） treated in Luzhou People’s Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected by random number table. IgG antibody titer in serum of pregnant women was detected by microcolumn gel technology. The correlations between antibody distribution and gravidity,maternal age were analyzed. The correlation between IgG antibody titer of pregnant women and ABO hemolytic disease of newborn was investigated by hemolysis test. Results There were 149 pregnant women(45. 15%） with IgG antibody titer≥1 ∶ 64. IgG antibody titer in pregnant women was positively correlated with maternal age and gravidity,which increased significantly with the increase of maternal age and gravidity(P〈 0. 05）. There were 103 neonates(31. 12%） with ABO hemolytic disease of newborn. IgG antibody titer in pregnant women was positively correlated with ABO hemolytic disease of newborn(P〈0. 05）. Conclusion IgG antibody titer of pregnant women are positively correlated with maternal age and gravidity. The detection of IgG antibody titer during pregnancy is helpful to prevent and control the incidence rate of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn.