桂东地区泌尿系结石患者结石成分与相关危险因素的分析

Analysis of the stone composition and related risk factors in urinary calculi patients in Guidong area

目的分析桂东地区泌尿系结石患者的地区分布、结石成分,为该地区泌尿系结石的防治提供依据。方法对2014年1月至2017年5月在本院泌尿外科进行治疗的800例泌尿系统结石患者的详细病历资料纳入研究。分析发病人群的性别分布、地区差异、年龄分布等情况,同时对结石成分进行分析,比较不同区域结石成分的差异。结果入选的患者男女病例1.8∶1,但是在部分区域,男女病例存在差异,如蒙山患者男女比例接近1∶1;40~50岁是高发年龄段;结石成分中,草酸钙的检出率为85.25%,草酸钙+磷酸钙检出率为34.00%;结石成分存在地域差异。结论桂东地区作为泌尿系统结石的高发地区,发病情况存在一定的地域差异,不同市或县的发病情况不甚相同,结石成分主要为草酸钙,与饮食习惯有关。需要根据相应的数据和经验制定合理的预防和治疗方法。

Objective To survey and analyze the regional distribution and stone composition of urinary calculi in patients in Guidong area,and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment.Methods A total of 800 patients with urinary calculi treated in our hospital during May 2014 and May 2017 were involved.The distribution of sex and age,regional differences,and compositions of stones were analyzed.Results Of all patients,the proportion of male and female was 1.8∶1,but it was approximately 1∶1 in Mengshan.The high-risk group aged 40-50 years.Most stones were calcium oxalate（82.5%）,followed by calcium oxalate＋calcium phosphate（34.5%）.There were regional and seasonal differences in stone composition.Conclusions The incidence of stones in Guidong area is high,and there are certain geographical differences.Calcium oxalate is the main chemical component of urinary stones in Guidong area,which is mainly affected by eating habits.Corresponding data and clinical experience are needed to develop a reasonable method of treatment and prevention.