地埋式自升起喷灌装置设计原理分析

The design theory analysis of the buried lifting integrated sprinkling irrigation device

地埋式自升起喷灌装置能够解决固定管道式喷灌妨碍耕作、影响收获和拆装费工等问题。基于湿润土壤抗剪强度降低的原理,系统分析了装置破土过程中所需克服的最大阻力和有效推动力,推导形成了多类型土壤条件下的最小进水压强公式,研究了管径大小对破土的影响。研究结果表明,输水压强需达到0.7 MPa才能保证无出流的灌溉设备在所有类型土壤中实现破土,远大于喷灌的实际工作压力;灌溉设备顶部有出流的情况下,输水压强仅需达到0.15 MPa就可以顺利破土而出;当管径在0.01~0.09 m范围变化时,破土所需的最小进水压强随着伸缩管管径的增大而减小,当管径超过0.09 m,破土所需的压强基本不变。由此可知,本文针对地埋式自升起喷灌装置提出的设计原理分析方法,可为水力驱动自升降灌溉设备的结构优化与设计提供依据。

Traditional fixed pip sprinkler irrigation has a series of problems such as obstructing cultivationand harvest. A new buried lifting integrated sprinkling irrigation device can solve these kinds of problemsand save disassembling time. Based on the principle of shear strength decreasing of wet soil,the maximumresistance,which is needed by the device during its rising processed,and effective driver,are analyzed inthe paper. Apart from that,the minimum inlet pressure formula under multi-type soil conditions is given af-ter derivation, and the impact of pipe size on its rising processed is analyzed. The results show that thewater pressure in the integrated irrigation equipment without outflow, which ensures that the soil is brokenin all types of soil, is 0.7 MPa, and the value is far greater than the actual working pressure of sprinklerirrigation. When there is outflow at the top of the sprinkler,the soil is easily broken when the water pres-sure is only 0.15 MPa. With flow out of the top, the minimum water pressure required for breaking groundis inversely related to the diameter of the extension pipe when it is less than 90 mm, and the pressure isalmost constant when the diameter exceeds 90 mm, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimizationand design of the water-driven irrigation equipment.