雷帕霉素靶蛋白与自噬在衰老中的交互作用

The Roles of TOR and Autophagy in Aging

衰老是一个非常复杂的过程,与细胞和组织中累积的各种大分子(DNA、蛋白质和脂质)损伤密不可分,并且是由细胞中不同的信号通道共同调控的结果,而雷帕霉素靶标途径就是其中的一种。该途径整合了各种来自细胞内外的信号以调控细胞的生长、增殖和代谢。越来越多证据表明,雷帕霉素靶蛋白(target of rapamycin,TOR)控制着细胞和组织老化的速度,影响着整个机体衰老过程。另外TOR参与调控自噬的发生,而自噬能使生物大分子和细胞器降解并回收重复利用。多种生物模型研究发现,衰老其实是与自噬的不足有关联。本文对TOR和自噬在衰老过程中的作用和相互关系进行综述,为发展与老年疾病相关的新型治疗方法提供思路。

Aging is a process associated with the lifelong accumulation of damage to the macromolecules(DNA,proteins and lipids） in cells and tissues,which is regulated by multiple signaling pathway in cell,including the target of rapamycin(TOR） signaling pathway. TOR signaling pathway integrates signals from intra-and extracellular to regulate cell growth,proliferation and metabolism. Growing evidence indicates that TOR controls the rates of aging of cells and tissues,therefore contributing to wholeorganism aging. In addition,TOR has been shown to regulate autophagy,which controls the degradation and turnover of macromolecules and organelles. Normal aging is often associated with a reduced autophagy potential in multiple organisms. Here,how TOR and autophagy modulate the aging process and their mutual relationship is summarized,and that will provide novel insight on the development of new therapeutic method to treat age-related disease.