海南省居民血脂异常流行状况及其影响因素分析

Epidemic status quo and influencing factors of abnormal blood lipid in Hainan

目的分析海南省居民血脂异常流行分布及影响因素,为慢性病防控工作提供科学依据。方法多阶段抽样4 697名18岁及以上常住居民进行问卷调查和血脂四项指标检测。结果患病率和加权患病率分别是血脂异常37.5%(33.3%)、高TG症10.6%(12.6%)、高TC症16.9%(10.7%)、低HDL-C症16.8%(16.3%)和高LDL-C症18.5%(14.7%)。血脂异常流行分布呈现为男性(42.8%)高于女性(33.3%),城市(40.7%)高于农村(35.7%),黎族(29.6%)低于汉族(39.5%),离婚/丧偶/分居婚姻状况(44.3%)最高,随着文化程度和年龄的增长而升高,大专以上毕业(42.9%)最高,50~岁组(44.7%)最高。多因素logistic回归显示血脂异常率与睡眠不足、身体活动不足、性别、年龄、城乡、吸烟、民族等多因素相关;高TC症患病率与睡眠不足、饮酒、年龄和民族等因素相关;高TG症患病率与性别、城乡、身体活动、婚姻、水产品消耗和饮酒等因素有关;低HDL-C症患病率与地区、性别、年龄、身体活动不足、饮酒和吸烟等有关;高LDL-C症患病率与年龄、饮酒和民族因素有关。结论海南省血脂异常形式严峻,应针对各影响因素进行高危筛查,有的放矢地进行防治和宣传、健康干预。

Objective To investigate the epidemic status quo and influencing factors of abnormal blood lipid in HainanProvince, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods A total of 4 697 residentsaged over 18 years were sampled by the multistage sampling method and investigated by the questionnaire, and their sera weretested for four indexes of blood lipid. Results The prevalence rates and weighted prevalence rates of dyslipidemia were37.5%（33.3%）, the rates of high TG were 10.6%（12.6%）, the rates of high TC were 16.9%（10.7%）, the rates of low HDL-Cwere 16.8%（16.3%）, and the rates of high LDL-C were 18.5%（14.7%）,respectively. The dyslipidemia epidemic status quopresented that the prevalence rate in men（42.8%） was higher than that in women（33.3%）, the rate in city area（40.7%） washigher than that in countryside（35.7%）, the rate in Li nationality（29.6%） was lower than that in Han（39.5%）, the rate in thedivorced/widowed/separated population（44.3%） was the highest for the marital status, the rate was increased with the age andeducational levels [the rates in the 50 years age group（44.7%） and in the college or above educational level group（42.9%） werethe highest, respectively]. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors of lack of sleep and physicalactivity, age, region gender, smoking, nation, etc. were correlated with dyslipidemia; the factors of lack of sleep, drinking, age,nation, etc. were correlated with high TC; the factors of gender, region, lack of physical activity, marriage,seafood, drinking,etc. were correlated with high TG; the factors of region, gender, age, lack of physical activity, drinking, smoking, etc. werecorrelated with low HDL-C disease; the factors of age, drinking, nation, etc. were correlated with high LDL-C. Conclusion The status que of abnormal blood lipid is serious in Hainan Province. Therefore, we should screen the high risk factors, andenhance the targeted health education and interventions.