皮肤炭疽传染源样本中病原体的分离鉴定

Pathogens isolated and identificated of infection samples from cutaneous anthrax

目的通过对2017年昆明市嵩明县阳林镇突发皮肤炭疽的处理中,从传染源样本分离鉴定炭疽芽孢杆菌的方法,以提供借鉴,为处置此类炭疽疫情提供科学、准确、快速的实验室依据。方法用WS-283-2008炭疽诊断标准。采集该事件中一头病死牛三处不同部位的解冻标本6份(肉和血水各3份),接种于营养琼脂培养基,37℃孵育8~24 h,肉眼找可疑菌落后,显微镜下观察并做标记,同时进行革兰氏染色,按标记挑选可疑菌落,做噬菌体裂解实验和青霉素抑菌试验。结果从3份牛肉、3份血水标本中,各分离到一份炭疽芽孢杆菌。之前当地疾控中心,曾采集疑似皮肤炭疽患者的疱疹液,培养并进行涂片革兰氏染色均无果。结论突发皮肤炭疽中,采集宰杀的病死畜样本,比疑似皮肤炭疽患者的标本更易分离到炭疽芽孢杆菌;采取肉眼加显微镜下找可疑一代菌落并做标记,按标记挑选可疑菌落进行确诊试验,比以往只在肉眼下挑可疑菌落,能快速分离到炭疽芽孢杆菌。

Objectives To deal and isolation and identification of Bacillus anthracis from infectious source samples onemergency cutaneous anthrax case in Yanglin Town, Songming County, Kunming in 2017,so as to provide a scientific rapid andaccurate laboratory testing way to deal with such event. Methods WS 283-2008 was used for the isolation and identificationof Bacillus anthrax. Thaw 6 samples collected in the event of a head of cattle died at three different parts（the flesh and blood of3 copies each）. These specimens were inoculated in nutrient agar medium, incubated for 8-24 hours at 37 ℃. After looking forsuspicious colonies with the naked eye, them were observed by microscopes and labeled, Gram staining was carried out at thesame time. Selection of suspicious colonies by labeling, phage test and penicillin G susceptibility test. Results Totally 2 strains of Bacillus anthrax were obtained respectively from those specimens 3 blood, and 3 beef. Before the local CDC,suspected skin anthrax patients collected herpes fluid, culture and smear Gram staining failed. Conclusions Suddencutaneous anthrax, collecting dead livestock slaughter samples than in patients with suspected cutaneous anthrax were moreeasy to isolate of Bacillus anthrax; Using the naked eye and microscope to find and mark the suspicious colony and selectingthe suspicious colony according to the label for the diagnosis test, it is faster than the past to select the suspicious colony onlyunder the naked eye.