2006-2014年江苏省两地区医院伤害监测病例分布特征分析

Distribution and characteristics of injury-related cases from injury surveillance system in rural and urban areas in Jiangsu from 2006 to 2014

目的掌握江苏省两地区医院伤害监测哨点医院伤害病例的分布特征,从而为制订城市和农村的伤害防治策略提供依据。方法对2006-2014年因伤害首次在江苏省两地区6家全国伤害监测哨点医院就诊的伤害病例进行描述性分析。结果 2006-2014年江苏省6家监测医院共报告伤害病例508 728例。城市点病例伤害发生年龄组构成比前三位分别为40～岁(11.9%)、20～岁(11.1%)和45～岁(10.1%);农村点病例年龄组构成比前三位分别为20～岁(11.7%)、40～岁(10.5%)和25～岁(9.8%)。城市点病例职业构成以商业、服务业人员最高,占14.7%,农村点病例职业构成以生产运输设备人员及有关人员最高,占45.2%。城市点病例发生首要原因为跌倒/坠落伤(32.2%);农村点病例发生首要原因为道路交通伤(25.0%)。城市点病例和农村点病例伤害经常发生的地点是公路/街道,伤害发生时活动主要为休闲活动,伤害意图以非故意为主。结论无论是城市点还是农村点,伤害发生的原因均以跌倒/坠落伤和道路交通伤为主,因此应实施有针对性的干预措施,降低伤害的发生率。

Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of injury cases in urban and rural areas in Jiangsu, and provide the basis for the development of effective injury prevention strategy. Methods Data of first-time inju-ries reported by Jiangsu Injury Surveillance sentinel hospitals from 2006 to 2014 were collected and descriptively analysed. Results A total of 508 728 cases were included. Urban residents aged 40-, 20-and 45-years old had the highest injury rates （11.9%, 11.1% and 10. 1%), while injury most commonly occurred among rural residents aged 20-(11.7%), 40-(10. 5%) and 25-（9.8%）. The major career structure of the urban and rural injury cases were respectively business and service (14. 7%), and production and transportation （45.2%）. The major cause of injuries in the urban area was falls （32. 2%), whereas was traffic-related （25. 0%)in rural area. In both urban and rural areas, the major place where inju-ries occurred was road/street. Recreation activities were the major activities when injuries took place. Most injury cases were unintentional. Conclusions Falls and traffic accidences were main causes of injuries among both rural and urban residents annually. Intervention strategies are needed to to decrease the injury incidence.