甘肃省某农村地区7～12岁学龄儿童维生素A营养改善研究

Improvement study of the vitamin A supplementation in school age children of 7-12 years old in rural areas,Gansu Province

目的调查甘肃省某贫困农村地区7～12岁学龄儿童维生素A(vitamin A,VA)营养状况,对VA营养干预效果进行评价。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法对甘肃省兰州市两贫困地区的396名7～12岁学龄儿童进行膳食调查、血清VA水平检测。干预组儿童进行VA营养饼干干预,对照组正常饮食,六个月后再次进行血清VA测定。结果该地区7～12岁儿童膳食VA平均水平为328.45μgRE,血清VA平均水平为433.19μg/L,VA缺乏率为4.29%,VA边缘缺乏率为12.37%。干预六个月后,干预组儿童血清VA水平增长值为(44.03±6.48)μg/L,对照组儿童血清VA水平增长值为(6.65±4.34)μg/L,两组差异具有统计学意义(t=56.451,P<0.001);干预后干预组儿童血清VA缺乏率为1.06%,对照组缺乏率为3.54%,两组差异无统计学意义(X^2=1.610,P=0.204),干预组血清VA边缘缺乏率为3.53%,对照组血清VA边缘缺乏率为9.73%,差异有统计学意义(X^2=6.183,P=0.013)。结论甘肃省某农村地区学龄儿童处于VA轻度缺乏状态,补充红棕榈油营养饼干能明显改善儿童VA营养缺乏的状况,这可能成为当地解决儿童VA缺乏问题的有效途径。

Objective To investigate the vitamin A （VA） nutritional status of children aged 7-12 in poor rural area of Gansu Province, to evaluate the effect of VA nutrition intervention. Methods 396 children aged 7-12 years were investigated for diet and serum VA. The treatment group consumed cookies intervention and control group kept normal diet, six months later the serum VA were detected again. Results The dietary and serum VA level before intervention were 328. 45 μgRE and 433. 19 μg/L, respectively. The VA deficiencies was 4. 29% and the margin of the VA was 12. 37%. After six months of intervention, serum VA levels in the intervention group were （44.03 ± 6.48) μg/L, while those in the control group were (6. 65 ± 4. 34) μg/L. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (t = 56. 451, P 〈0. 001) ; After intervention, the serum VA deficiency rate was 1.06% in the intervention group and 3.54% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups （x^2 = 1. 610, P =0. 204）. The serum VA marginal deficiency rate was 3.53% in the intervention group and 9. 73% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(x^2 = 6. 183, P = 0. 013). Conclusions A school-aged child in a rural area of Gansu Province is in a mild deficiency of VA. VA fortified biscuits supplement can obviously improve the VA nutrition status of children with VA deficiency. This may become a new and hopeful way to resolve the VA deficiency problem.