孔底真空间隔装药爆破试验研究

Experimental Study on the Vacuum-decking Charge Blasting at the Bottom of Blasting Hole

通过对混凝土模型进行爆破试验,对比了孔底真空间隔装药与孔底水间隔、孔底空气间隔、连续装药的爆破效果;利用测振仪采集数据,采取网筛尺寸法,以块度与爆破漏斗体积的百分比作为衡量标准,对孔底真空间隔装药技术进行初步探究。结果表明:采用孔底真空间隔装药技术爆破,模型破碎块度均匀性优于连续装药结构与其他介质孔底装药结构;孔底真空间隔装药技术有利于岩块破碎,减少爆破根底;真空间隔装置具有缓冲和滞后作用,能使炮孔中炸药能量分布更为均匀。

Through the blasting tests of concrete model,the differences of blasting effect between the vacuum-decking charge with the water-decking charge,air-decking charge and continuous charge were compared.The data was collected by vibration meter.Taking the percentage of block and blasting crater volume as a measuring standard,the net size method was used to study the vacuum-decking charge technology.The results showed that the uniformity of blasting block formed by the vacuumdecking charge blasting in the bottom of blasting hole was better than that by the continuous charge blasting and other charge blasting technologies.The vacuum-decking charge technology was beneficial to break the rock mass and to reduce the bedrock.And the vacuum-decking device had an effect of cushioning and hysteresis,making the energy distribution of explosive in the blasting hole be more homogeneous.