精密时频传递技术综述

Overview of Precise Time and Frequency Transfer Technology

精密时间频率传递技术在当今众多领域中发挥基础支撑作用,同时也是UTC(coordinated universal time)、TAI(international atomic time)等国际时间标准建立和维持的关键技术之一。本文对3类主流的精密时频传递技术进行了研究。结果表明,卫星时频传递发展最为成熟,应用最为广泛,但同时也面临性能提升瓶颈及安全性、环境适应性等隐患;光纤时频传递利用先进的光纤传输技术,在传递性能方面具有一定的优越性,但易受环境温度等因素的影响,且在铺设范围、成本及灵活性方面存在局限性;激光时频传递利用卫星激光测距技术实现星地时钟的高精度比对,但该技术实施需要专用系统及设备,应用领域有限,目前主要应用于卫星导航系统性能增强。本文研究可为建设满足精度、稳定性、可靠性及安全性要求的国家时频体系提供参考。

Precise time and frequency transfer technology plays an important role in many fields currently.And it is also one of the key technologies for the establishment and maintenance of UTC(coordinated universal time） and TAI(international atomic time）. In this paper,three major precise time and frequency transfer technologies are studied. The results show that the satellite time and frequency transfer technology has been most maturely and most widely used,while it also faces the challenges in performance improvement,security and environmental suitability.Optical fibers time and frequency transfer technology take advantage of optical fiber transmission technology and achieves high performance.But it can be easily affected by temperature as well as has some limitations in range,cost and flexibility.Laser time transfer technology is based on satellite laser range technology and mainly used in performance enhancement of satellite navigation system.However,it has very limited applicability because of its speciality.The study of this paper can help to develop national time and frequency system with high precision,high stability,high reliability and security.