分泌型卷曲相关蛋白1及β-连环蛋白在慢性牙周炎患者牙龈组织中的表达

Expression and significance of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 and β-catenin in gingival tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis

目的检测分泌型卷曲相关蛋白1(SFRP1)及β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)在慢性牙周炎(CP)患者牙龈组织中的表达及相关性,探讨经典Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在牙周炎发生发展中的作用。方法选取CP患者28例(CP组),其中中度CP16例,重度CP12例,健康对照者12例(正常组),收集牙龈组织并记录探诊深度、出血指数及临床附着丧失水平。采用免疫组织化学技术检测SFRP1及β-catenin的表达,双评分法评价阳性染色强度,SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果正常组SFRP1及β-catenin的着色强度积分值分别为2.16±0.65、1.12±0.51,CP组为3.57±0.45、2.36±0.49,其中中度CP组为3.61±0.40、2.30±0.44,重度CP组为3.52±0.52、2.45±0.55。CP组中SFRP1及β-catenin的表达较正常组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。进一步比较,正常组与中度、重度CP组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),但中度与重度CP组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SFRP1与β-catenin着色强度的相关系数r=0.657(P<0.01)。两者的表达均与牙周临床指数相关,其中SFRP1与探诊深度的相关性最明显(r=0.723,P<0.01);β-catenin与出血指数的相关性最强(r=0.697,P<0.01)。结论 SFRP1及β-catenin在CP患者牙龈组织中的表达升高且与牙周破坏相关,两者的异常表达可能促进牙周炎的发生发展。

Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression and correlation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 （SFRP1） and β-catenin in gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis （CP）. The role of the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the development of periodontitis was also explored. Methods Twenty-eight patients with CP （CP group） were enrolled in this study. Among them, 16 cases were moderate CP, and 12 demonstrated severe CP. Twelve healthy cases comprised the controls （normal group）. Gingival tissue was collected, and the probing depth, bleeding index, and clinical attachment loss were recorded. The expression levels of SFRP1 and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry, and staining intensity was evaluated by double scoring method. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The staining strength scores of SFRP1 and β-catenin were 2.16±0.65 and 1.12±0.51 in the normal group, 3.57±0.45 and 2.36±0.49 in the CP group, 3.61±0.40 and 2.30±0.44 in the moderate CP group, and 3.52±0.52 and 2.45±0.55 in the severe CP group, respectively. The expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in the CP group was higher than that in the normal group （P〈0.01）. A significant difference was noted between the normal group and the moderate and severe CP groups （P〈0.01） but none between the moderate and severe CP groups （P〉0.05）. A positive correlation was found between the expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin （r=0.657,P〈0.01）. The expression levels of β-catenin and SFRP1 were related to periodontal indexes. The correlation between the expression of SFRP1 and probing depth was most significant （r=0.723, P〈0.01）, as well as that between β-catenin and bleeding index （r=0.697, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Patients with CP exhibit elevated expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in gingival tissues, and this event is related to the degree of periodontal destruction. Abnormal expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin may promote the development of periodontitis.