3D打印多孔钽种植体对骨整合影响的实验研究

In vivo study of 3D printed porous tantalum implant on osseointegration

目的研究多孔钽及多孔钛种植体对骨整合的影响。方法通过计算机辅助设计方法建模,采用3D打印技术制备两种微孔参数相同的多孔材料种植体:多孔钽及多孔钛。在24只新西兰大白兔双侧股骨外踝处建立骨缺损模型,每只动物左右侧缺损随机分组,分别用多孔钽(实验组)和多孔钛(对照组)种植体进行修复。种植体植入后2、4、8周取材,进行大体观察和亚甲基蓝-酸性品红染色,观测种植体和骨界面的骨整合情况,采用推出实验测试种植体-骨界面结合强度。结果术后2、4、8周,两组材料界面的新生骨组织逐渐增加,出现新生骨小梁并向材料孔隙内生长;两组的成骨情况及种植体-骨组织界面结合强度的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 3D打印的多孔钽能与骨组织形成早期的生物结合,具有与多孔钛相当的骨整合能力。

Objective This work aims to investigate the effect of porous tantalum and porous titanium on osseointegration. Methods Two kinds of porous materials with same microporous parameters, namely, porous tantalum and porous titanium, were fabricated by computer-aided design （CAD） modeling and 3D printing technology. A defect model was established in 24 New Zealand white rabbits in the bilateral femoral lateral malleolus at the left and right side of each animal. Then, animals were randomly divided into two groups, and bone defects were repaired by porous tantalum and porous titanium （experimental and control groups, respectively）. Animals were sacrificed at two, four, and eight weeks after implantation. Gross observation and methylene blue-acid fuchsin staining were used to observe osseointegration of the implant and bone interface, and the osseointegration strength of implant bone interface was tested by push-out test. Results At two, four, and eight weeks after operation, the new bone tissue in the two groups increased gradually, and new bone trabecula appeared and grew into the pores of the materials. No significant difference （P〉0.05） in osteogenesis and the strength of implant bone tissue interface between the two groups was observed. Conclusion 3D printed porous tantalum implants, which exhibit comparable osseointegration capabilities to porous titanium implants, can form an early biological combination with bone tissue.