基于地板结构的机身双层双向加载技术

Double-deck bi-directional loading technology based on airliner cabin floor structure

以民机结构试验机身垂向加载方式为研究对象,分析对比了3种加载方案(蒙皮胶布带加载、客舱地板单层加载、客舱和货舱双层地板结构加载)。结果表明双层地板结构加载方案能够更真实地模拟机身框结构内力分布,更适合作为全机结构试验机身加载方案。在此基础上提出了基于地板结构的机身双层双向加载技术。通过开发一种机身载荷施加策略及配套的加载装置设计技术,解决了固定杠杆比加载系统实现不同工况机身有效加载的问题,并通过全尺寸模拟试验,证明加载装置末端节点载荷分配误差小于1%,加载装置设计满足试验使用要求。该技术被成功应用于某型在研飞机全机静强度适航验证试验,提高了试验质量与效率,并可为同类试验提供技术参考。

The vertical loading method for the structural test of the civil aircraft is investigated. A comparison of three load- ing schemes （based on the skin tension pads, the monolayer cabin floor structure and the double-deck cabin floor structure） shows that the loading scheme based on the double-deck cabin floor structure is more applicable as it can provide better stress simulation for the frame structure. A double-deck bi-directional loading technology based on the airliner cabin floor structure is then proposed. By developing a loading strategy and related loading device design technique, effective fuselage loading under different test cases with fixed lever ratio loading system is realized. The loading device design is proved to be capable of engineering application as it performed a load error of less than 1% in the full-scale verification test. The technol- ogy has successfully improved the quality and efficiency of the airworthiness verification test of a certain aircraft, providing technical references for similar tests.