南方贵族阶级的没落和淑女道德观的崩溃——探析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽悲剧性格的象征意义

The Destruction of the Aristocratic Class in the South and the Collapse of the Morality of the Fair Lady——Analysis of the Symbolic Connotations of the Tragic Character of Emily in "A Rose for Emily"

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是美国著名作家福克纳最负盛名的短篇小说,故事发生在南方社会,美国内战爆发后,社会机制运行的是以家庭为中心和以父权制为特征的种植园经济。福克纳通过对诸多细节的描写以及对主人公艾米丽的隐喻,展现了一个没落的南方贵族阶级。本文从作品中勾勒了艾米丽的一生,从她的个性特点、生活经历和爱情观进行分析,呈现了曾经根深蒂固的淑女道德观的消逝。艾米丽的一生,代表了社会对女性的压迫,是男权社会的牺牲品,也是自我意识导致的抗争与毁灭。整部作品体现出艾米丽这个悲剧性格的象征意义,是对艾米丽的深深同情和哀怜。

＂A Rose for Emily＂ is the most prestigious short story of Faulkner, a famous American writer, which happened in the background of the southern society after the American civil war, in which the social mechanism works was plantation econ- omy centered by family and characterized by patriarchy. Faulkner showed a downfallen Southern aristocratic class through the description of many details and the metaphor of the protagonist Emily. This article outlines Emily＇s whole life, analyzing her personality characteristics, life experiences and views of love, which presents the fading away of the fair lady＇s deep-rooted morality. The whole life of Emily not only represents the social oppression on women, who are the victim of the patriarchal so- ciety, but also symbolizes the struggle and destruction out of self-consciousness. The whole work reflects the symbolic mean- ings of the tragic character, which delivered deep sympathy and mourning toward Emily.